Jakub Tolar, MD, PhD, serves as dean of the Medical School and vice president for Clinical Affairs at the University of Minnesota. In addition to his medical school leadership, he is a crucial link in our joint clinical enterprise of M Health Fairview and the unique partnership between Fairview Health Services and the University of Minnesota. Jakub continues to be active in both clinical and research settings. He is a pediatric hematologist/oncologist at M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital. He is also a Distinguished McKnight University Professor in the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy. In this dual role, Jakub has his finger on the pulse of the newest advances in medical education, research, and clinical care. Jakub received his medical education at Charles University in Prague, and his doctorate in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Genetics at the University of Minnesota.
Executive Director
UC Berkeley Center for Neural Engineering and Prostheses
Heather Dawes is the Executive Director of the Center for Neural Engineering and Prostheses, an inter-institutional program between UC Berkeley and UCSF that supports collaborative research for the development of neural-interfacing medical devices and interventions. She also is the Executive Director of the Weill Neurohub, a funding and partnership organization that integrates neuroscience research across UC Berkeley, UC San Francisco, and the University of Washington. With Drs. Phillip Starr, David Borton, Tim Denison and Greg Worrell, Heather also oversees the OpenMind Consortium, an NIH-funded program focused on the dissemination of platform technology and advanced know-how for the community of clinical researchers developing and employing sensing-enabled neural device technology. On the research front at UCSF, Heather helps to oversee clinical trials focused on intracranial neuromodulation for the treatment of major depression and chronic pain.
Heather was previously co-Director, with Dr. Edward Chang, of the UCSF-led DARPA SUBNETS effort (2014-2019), which focused on the advancement of closed-loop neuromodulation for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. She had earlier served as Vice President, Science, for the Fidelity Foundations, a private, anonymously operating philanthropic organization in Boston, where she focused on support for research in neurodegenerative disease and translational cancer medicine. She was a scientific editor at Current Biology and Neuron from 2001-2007. Heather received her Ph.D. from UC Berkeley.
Direct intracranial neuromodulation is a promising treatment for severe neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depression. To help advance the therapeutic utility of this approach for severely affected patients, we have sought to optimize it through the identification of neural biomarkers that trigger therapy selectively when symptom severity is elevated. To do so, our trial employs an initial multi-day intracranial electrophysiology sensing-and-stimulation phase to identify a treatment location where stimulation improves symptoms and to identify a candidate symptom-specific biomarker. In a second phase, we implant a chronic neural sensing and stimulation device to enable biomarker-driven closed-loop stimulation therapy. Through this small trial we aim to further establish and address technical and therapeutic challenges associated with intracranial stimulation for the treatment of major depressive disorder and advance the availability and effectiveness of this approach for patients in need.
Assistant Professor
Department of Neurosurgery
Dr. Bijanki is an assistant professor in the Department of Neurosurgery at Baylor College of Medicine, and an affective neuroscientist leading the Translational Neuromodulation Lab. Dr. Bijanki’s lab seeks to leverage targeted neural stimulation, electrophysiology, neuroimaging, and cognitive neuroscience tasks to understand the neural bases of affective and social cognitive dysfunction. This program of research has led to the identification of a novel stimulation-based strategy for evoking positive affect and anxiolysis, for which our team has a United States Patent awarded. Dr. Bijanki was honored when this project was selected as the featured cover article at the Journal of Clinical Investigation, with coverage by the NIH Director’s Blog. This nascent program of research has garnered academic and public media attention, and Dr. Bijanki serves as PI on a variety of NIH-funded projects in the intracranial research domain (KL2TR000455, K01MH116364, R21NS104953, R01MH127006).
New approaches to the study of deep brain stimulation paradigms have given rise to unparalleled opportunities to characterize and quantify the neural and behavioral responses to stimulation, opening new avenues for patient-specific optimization of stimulation strategies, and novel methods of defining neural elements causally supporting antidepressant responses. Through the use of simultaneous DBS and stereotactic EEG (a long-established diagnostic method for the surgical treatment of epilepsy), this study demonstrates the electrophysiological and behavioral correlates to stimulation of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum and the subcallosal cingulate within individual patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Assistant Professor
Department of Neuroscience
MnDRIVE Neuromodulation Scholar
Sarah Heilbronner is an Assistant Professor and McKnight Land-Grant Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at the University of Minnesota. She received her Ph.D. working with Michael Platt at Duke University then performed postdoctoral studies with Suzanne Haber at the University of Rochester. She is currently a member of UMN’s Institute for Engineering in Medicine, Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, Center for NeuroEngineering, and MnDrive Brain Conditions. Her lab focuses on using neuroanatomical and neuroimaging techniques across species to examine the connectivity of motivation and decision-making circuitry in the brain, with the intent to establish how abnormal reward pathways create irregular decisions in mental illness.
Neurons are specialized to communicate information. However, not all neurons are wired together, meaning that some are capable of communicating with one another, while others are not. The pattern of connections made by neurons—the brain’s ‘wiring diagram’—determines how behavior, cognition, and emotion arise. Understanding this diagram is crucial both for our basic knowledge of the mechanisms of brain function and for investigating and treating psychiatric and neurological disorders.
First, I will look carefully at how we can untangle the wiring diagram of the human brain. Unfortunately, we are fundamentally limited in the tools available to study neuronal connectivity in the human brain. One of these tools, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) takes advantage of the differential diffusion of water molecules along axons traversing in different directions to try to estimate connectivity between populations of neurons. Unfortunately, dMRI does not accurately match the connections that anatomical studies have demonstrated (in nonhuman animal work). dMRI is susceptible to both false positives (identifying connections that should not exist) and false negatives (failing to pick up on true connections). We have developed a pipeline to combine non-invasive, dMRI-derived measures of brain connectivity with anatomical tract-tracing in nonhuamn primates, with the goal of learning about human brain connectivity. Such cross-species comparisons are a critical step in delineating the full range of human brain connections.
Next, I will discuss how the brain’s wiring diagram can help us to use nonhuman animal models of brain disorders more effectively. Rodents (both rats and mice) are essential nonhuman animal models in the field of neuroscience. They offer unprecedented access to genetic, molecular, and pharmacological tools unusable in both humans and nonhuman primates. Unfortunately, rodent brains are certainly not human brains: they are not only much smaller, but may simply lack many of the same brain regions present in human brains. Determining which regions of the rodent brain are similar to those in the human brain is simultaneously very challenging and very urgent. I use connectivity as a defining metric of brain regional similarity across species. I have performed these studies in the prefrontal and posteromedial cortices. I was able to use connectivity with conserved brain structures to determine which portions of the brain are similar and dissimilar to different portions of the primate cortex.
Associate Professor
Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition
Aryn Gittis, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences and the Neuroscience Institute at CMU. She received her undergraduate degree from Brandeis University in 2001 and was a Fulbright Scholar in France from 2001-2002. She received her Ph.D. from UCSD in 2008 where she studied with Sascha du Lac, and then completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Anatol Kreitzer’s lab at the Gladstone Institute/UCSF in 2012. For her postdoctoral work, she was awarded a K99 from NINDS and was a 2012 Finalist for the Eppendorf & Science Prize for Neurobiology.
She joined CMU in 2012, where her lab uses electrophysiology, optogenetics, and computational approaches to study the progression of neural circuit dysfunction in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease, with the goal of developing strategies to guide therapeutic plasticity that can repair circuit dysfunction and restore movement. She has received numerous awards for this work, including a NARSAD Young Investigator Grant in 2013, the Janett Rosenberg Trubatch Career Development Award from the Society for Neuroscience in 2018, and was a Finalist for the Science and PINS Prize for Neuromodulation in 2018.
The identification of distinct cell-types throughout the basal ganglia has been essential in advancing understanding of network function and improving neurological therapies. In the globus pallidus externa (GPe), interventions targeting neuronal subpopulations have profound therapeutic potential, but are challenging to implement in clinical settings. We investigated whether electrical stimulation can be tuned to engage cell-type specific responses in the GPe. Although conventional stimulation was non-specific, brief, high frequency bursts of stimulation elicited bimodal responses of Parvalbumin (PV-GPe) and Lim homeobox 6 (Lhx6-GPe) subpopulations. Using a machine-learning approach, we optimized the cell-type specificity of this approach and developed an in vivo DBS protocol capable of extending the therapeutic benefits of stimulation ~5-fold beyond what is possible using conventional DBS. These results establish the feasibility of shaping electrical stimulation patterns to drive population-specific neuromodulation in the central nervous system, and suggests the potential for developing a more robust toolbox for deep brain stimulation therapies. Ongoing work in the lab seeks to identify the underlying circuits involved in these persistent effects and changes within those circuits that promote extension of therapeutic benefits beyond more traditional approaches.
Associate Professor
Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine
Stavros Zanos is a physician-scientist working in the fields of neuroscience, neuromodulation, neural engineering and translational science. After obtaining his MD degree from Aristotle University Medical School (Thessaloniki, Greece), Stavros trained in internal medicine and cardiology in Greece, and earned a Ph.D. in Neuroscience & Physiology from the University of Washington, where he also served as senior fellow and instructor.
He is an Associate Professor at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and at Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell; he heads the Translational Neurophysiology (TNP) lab at the Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine. His lab focuses on the use of neurostimulation to study the nervous system and to treat diseases in which the nervous system is affected or implicated.
The vagus provides sensory and motor innervation to most visceral organs to regulate physiological homeostasis and plays a role in diseases in which those organs are implicated. However, current vagus nerve stimulation therapies do not take into account nerve function, innervated organ or physiological state. We discuss the development of invasive and noninvasive strategies for precision vagus neuromodulation with the aim of delivering targeted therapies.
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain
MnDRIVE Neuromodulation Researcher
Christine Conelea, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences at the University of Minnesota, Director of the Neuromodulation Program at the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB), and a licensed clinical psychologist. Dr. Conelea received her BA from the University of Nevada, Reno and doctorate from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. She completed a predoctoral internship and post-doctoral fellowship in child mental health at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Her research and clinical expertise is in the area of neurodevelopmental disorders, with an emphasis on Tourette Syndrome/tic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety disorders. She has a particular interest in studying the use of neuromodulation to augment cognitive-behavioral interventions.
Neurodevelopmental disorders, including neurological and psychiatric illnesses, can have detrimental and cascading impacts on a child’s developmental trajectory. Pediatric neuromodulation holds considerable promise for altering these trajectories toward health. Early efforts to downward extend transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have generally applied protocols first established in adult trials homogeneously across participants, an approach that may inadequately account for neurodevelopmental and individual differences that influence TMS effects in youth. In the current talk, I will focus on considerations for conducting mechanistic and intervention TMS research with adolescents, using our ongoing research in Tourette Syndrome as an example. Included in this will be discussion of 1) methodological considerations in an ongoing clinical trial using TMS to augment behavior therapy for Tourette in 12-21 year olds and 2) future directions for individualized TMS targeting in neurodevelopmental populations using fMRI.
Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Neuroscience,
and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Dr. Constantinidis received his Ph.D. at the Johns Hopkins Medical School and completed postdoctoral training at Yale University and the Max Planck Institute in Germany. He is currently a Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at Vanderbilt University. His research is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Mental Health, National Eye Institute, National Institute on Aging and the National Science Foundation through the Collaborative Research in Computational Neuroscience program. His research relies on non-human primate models to investigate mechanisms of cognitive function and their applications to human conditions.
Cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer’s disease occur in parallel with degeneration of the brain’s cholinergic systems. Cholinergic function may be enhanced by drugs such as cholinesterase inhibitors or, alternatively, through stimulation of the Nucleus Basalis (NB) of Meynert, the source of neocortical acetylcholine in humans and other primates. NB Stimulation offers benefits including avoidance of peripheral cholinergic side-effects; optimized timing; and activation of non-cholinergic projection neurons. In a series of recent studies, we relied on non-human primate model to study the effects of stimulation on behavior and neural activity. A pattern of intermittent NB stimulation, involving biphasic pulses delivered at 80 Hz for 15 s every minute proved effective in improving behavior in a variety of cognitive tasks and in increasing activity of prefrontal neurons. The approach offers promise as a treatment in conditions that compromise cognitive function, including Alzheimer’s disease.
CEO
Dr. Dan Rizzuto is the founder and Chief Executive Officer at Nia Therapeutics, where he is developing implantable brain stimulation devices to treat memory disorders due to traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Dan developed Nia’s core technology at the University of Pennsylvania with funding from DARPA as part of the Restoring Active Memory project, and his team has demonstrated across multiple clinical studies how personalized neurostimulation therapies can be used to improve human memory.
Dan completed his doctoral training at Brandeis University in the neuroscience of human memory, his postdoctoral training at Caltech in brain-machine interfaces, and he previously developed neurostimulation therapies for major depression at Northstar Neuroscience. Dan received the 2015 Researcher of the Year and 2019 Most Promising Startup awards from Neurotech Reports.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of injury-related disability and is increasingly recognized as an important global health issue. The CDC estimates that over 3.3 million Americans (more than 1% of the population) are living with a long-term disability due to TBI and the resulting economic burden is estimated to range from $83 billion to $244 billion. Memory impairment is one of the most significant residual deficits following TBI and is among the most frequent complaints heard from patients and their relatives. Cognitive rehabilitation therapy is often the only therapy available, and while it can help patients better utilize their residual cognitive function, it does not improve memory and its impact on disability is limited. Pharmacotherapy is sometimes used, and while such therapies are useful in some patients, there are no randomized, controlled trials supporting their efficacy, and none are approved by the FDA for the treatment of post-traumatic memory disorders.
Over the past twenty years, we have studied the human memory system in neurosurgical patients undergoing intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring as part of their clinical treatment, which has offered a unique opportunity to identify the neural correlates of human memory. In 2014, the Department of Defense sponsored our team at the University of Pennsylvania to develop strategies for using closed-loop brain stimulation to improve memory: the DARPA Restoring Active Memory program. We have now demonstrated that direct stimulation of the human brain, and specifically closed-loop stimulation of lateral temporal cortex, reliably improves memory performance. The degree of efficacy that we’ve observed is clinically meaningful and can potentially return a patient to their previous level of productivity at school or work.
Nia Therapeutics is now developing the Smart Neurostimulation System to treat memory impairment following TBI. Our platform includes secure cloud connectivity, high-channel count brain sensing, and AI software that develops a personalized neurostimulation therapy for each patient. We are rapidly approaching clinical readiness, and our novel neurostimulation architecture may also be applicable to a wide range of neurological disorders beyond memory loss.
Clinical Fellow
Neurologist,
Massachusetts General Hospital
Dr. Chan is a neurologist who sees patients with Memory and Movement Disorders in the Department of Neurology at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). She completed the MD PHD degree at Boston University, residency in Neurology at Yale New Haven Hospital and fellowship at MGH. Her research background is in basic neuroscience and during fellowship at MGH, she pivoted to do clinical and translational research with the goal of developing novel neuromodulation techniques for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. During her post-doctoral training, she worked in Li-Huei Tsai’s lab at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where she spearheaded the translational work to develop novel modalities of neuromodulation. In a collaboration between Li-Huei Tsai, Keith Johnson and Brad Dickerson at MGH, she has been working on leveraging gamma frequency sensory stimulation to entrain the brain and evaluate the effects of this technique in patients with mild Alzheimer’s dementia. Her current project aims to see if we can use gamma frequency stimulation to prevent progression to dementia in people who are at risk for developing dementia.
Non-invasive gamma frequency light and sound stimulation at 40Hz was shown to reduce Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and improve performance during behavioral testing in mouse models of AD. Based on these studies, we hypothesized that gamma entrainment with light and sound can be used as a disease-modifying therapeutic for AD. We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized control trial (n = 15) in subjects with probable mild AD to use our light and sound device at home for one hour daily (NCT 04042922). We report interim results after 3 months of daily 40Hz stimulation. Gamma frequency light and sound stimulation can be used safely daily for 3 months and prevents AD-related degeneration. Induced entrainment using sensory stimulation at 40Hz shows promise as a novel disease modifying therapeutic for Alzheimer’s dementia.
Program Director
Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental & Transport Systems
Directorate for Engineering
National Science Foundation
Dr. Grace Hwang is a Program Director in the Directorate for Engineering within the Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems at the National Science Foundation. She is a rotator from Johns Hopkins University. She manages the Disability and Rehabilitation Engineering Program and serves on the Understanding the Brain Coordinating Group. She led the development of an Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation program topic: Brain-inspired dynamics for engineering energy efficient circuits and artificial intelligence (BRAID) which is aimed at creating a new class of energy- and data- efficient algorithms, hardware, and learning systems inspired by brain dynamics. She is a former co-PI on an NSF grant focused on understanding neural dynamics of the hippocampal formation to inspire new control algorithms for self-organized single- and multi-agent systems. She is also a PI on an NIH grant that seeks to understand the mechanisms of ultrasound-induced gene activation and long-term cortical plasticity. She has a B.S. in civil and environmental engineering from Northeastern University, an M.S. in civil and environmental engineering from MIT, and an M.S. in biophysics and a Ph.D. in biophysics and structural biology with specialization in computational neuroscience from Brandeis University.
Program Officer
Division of Translational Research
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Dr. Megan Frankowski is a Program Officer in the Division of Translational Research at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) where she oversees a portfolio of grants and cooperative agreements funded through the trans-NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative®. Her current portfolio consists of neuropsychiatric disorder and movement disorder projects which are late stage translational efforts focused on advancing implantable neurotechnologies along the development, optimization, and regulatory pipeline through first in human feasibility studies. She has an extensive background in human neuroimaging, managing clinical research, and designing clinical trials, particularly those incorporating the use of devices. Previous projects have focused on the use of neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders, specifically for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Dr. Frankowski received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Emory University and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Psychology – Affective Neuroscience from the University of Georgia. Prior to joining the NINDS, Dr. Frankowski was a postdoctoral researcher at Baylor College of Medicine in the Department of Neurosurgery where her work focused on using neuroimaging techniques including functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging combined with simulated electrical field modeling to understand individual differences in the efficacy and targeting of deep brain stimulation for neuropsychiatric disorders. Her doctoral research investigated electrocortical and hemodynamic brain activity during emotional and rewarding scene perception in both healthy participants and nicotine users.
Vice President, Research and Technology
Neuromodulation, Medtronic
Jeff Kramer, PhD is currently Vice President of Research and Technology in Neuromodulation at Medtronic. He has over 20 years of experience in neuromodulation research across a number of therapy areas. He has worked and consulted for a number of different successful startups and larger device manufacturers leading research and clinical teams to help bring multiple therapies to market. He has a PhD in Integrative Physiology focusing on Neuroscience from the University of Illinois.
Research Fellow
Inspire Medical Systems
Kent Lee is a research fellow at Inspire Medical Systems in Golden Valley, MN. He brings over 20 years of global experience in the implanted device and sleep apnea diagnostic and therapy sector, having developed the ApneaScan diagnostic while at Boston Scientific CRM, and while at Inspire, ran the EU arm of the STAR FDA approval trial and developed evidence for key peer-reviewed publications that led to Inspire’s FDA approval and reimbursement coverage. He received a BS/MS in biomedical & electrical engineering from Case Western Reserve University, and an MBA from INSEAD (France & Singapore), and is an author of over 40 patents.
Staff Research Scientist, Applied Research
Abbott Neuromodulation
David Page, PhD has a passion for driving product design from research through product development and on to market launch. He has a background in clinical trial design, market and product needs assessment, pre-clinical studies, and product development, with specific background developing novel techniques in neural engineering, sensing, and machine learning. David measures his impact by his ability to bring new technologies to the people that need them in a way that makes their life better. Dr. Page has published impactful peer-reviewed research in pain and sensory disorders. He is driven to identify technologies that improve quality-of-life for people worldwide. Prior to Abbott, he held roles of increasing responsibility at Avanos Medical. He holds a PhD in Bioengineering from University of Utah and a BS in Mathematics from Brigham Young University.
Director of Applications Engineering
Cirtec Medical
Andrew Kelly is the Director of Applications Engineering at Cirtec Medical - formerly Cactus Semiconductor - located in Chandler, Arizona. Prior to joining Cactus Semiconductor, he was a Senior Principal IC Design Engineer at the Medtronic Microelectronics Center. Throughout his 30+ year career, he has defined and designed more than 30 full-custom mixed-signal ICs for a wide range of portable, wearable, implantable, and ingestible medical devices such as glucose meters, hearing aids, neuro-stimulators, cardiac pacemakers, drug infusion devices, bio-sensors, orthopedic sensors, and ingestible sensors. He is a Senior Member of IEEE, and serves as Workshop Committee Chair for the Phoenix chapter of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society. He also serves as Chairman of the Industry Advisory Board at the Center for Neurotechnology.
Director
Global Technology Platform Development
Heraeus Medical Components
Mark Hjelle is the Director of Global Technology Platform Development for Heraeus Medical Components. He is a University of Minnesota graduate in Chemical Engineering and Chemistry. He has been working in the medical device field for over 33 years.
Project Leader
Heraeus Medical Components
Suman Narayan is a PhD in Polymer chemistry from Technical University Darmstadt, Germany. She has over 10 years of experience in Material Sciences and Biomedical engineering. She is a project lead at Heraeus Medical Components since 2018 and is actively involved in the development of electrodes and electrode coatings for chronic implants.
Direct, Research Product Management & Scientific Affairs
Magstime EGI
Gaynor Foster, Ph.D., directs research product management and scientific affairs for Magstim EGI, the global neurotechnology leader that supports research labs, clinics, hospitals and universities that focus on mental health, brain disorders and cognitive neuroscience. She received her Ph.D. at Warwick University, UK, where she was an early adopter of HD EEG research technology. She went on to leadership roles with the pioneers of HD EEG Electrical Geodesics Inc. (EGI), now Magstim EGI. As a scientist building tools for scientists, Dr. Foster is inspired to share imaging and stimulation technologies rooted in research.
Manager, DBS Science and Engineering
Boston Scientific Neuromodulation
Merek Gourley is the Manager of DBS Science and Engineering at Boston Scientific neuromodulation. He trained as a Biomedical Engineer at Georgia Tech/Emory and The Johns Hopkins University. He has spent the past 12 years specializing in functional neuro, most recently overseeing the launch of Image Guided Programming for DBS.
Washington Research Foundation Innovation Assistant Professor of Neuroengineering
Weill Neurohub Investigator
Department of Bioengineering
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Washington National Primate Research Center
Dr. Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad received her Bachelor’s degree in Biomedical Engineering at Amirkabir University of Technology and her Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering at the University of Tehran in Iran. She then moved to the United States and earned her Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Afterwards, she pursued her Postdoctoral Fellowship in Systems Neuroscience at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Dr. Yazdan-Shahmorad joined the University of Washington in the Fall of 2017 as the Washington Research Foundation Innovation Assistant Professor of Neuroengineering in the departments of Bioengineering, and Electrical & Computer Engineering. Throughout her career, Dr. Yazdan has developed new tools and techniques for implementing optogenetics in non-human primates (NHPs) and rats, and she has recently used these tools to induce and study targeted plasticity in sensorimotor connections in NHPs. Her long-term goal is to use neural technologies to develop stimulation-based therapies to help restore function and mobility in people with neurological disorders such as stroke.
Dr. Yazdan-Shahmorad is the recipient of two Postdoctoral Fellowship Awards from the American Heart Association, the 2014 IEEE Brain Grand Challenges Young Investigator Award, and the 2018 Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Engineering Research Career Development Award. Her research in targeted sensorimotor plasticity was selected as a Hot Topic of 2016 by the Society for Neuroscience. She is also currently a Weill Neurohub Investigator, a program aimed to foster cross-campus, interdisciplinary teams of researchers to explore, create, and test bold new concepts and technologies for treating neurological and psychiatric diseases. Dr. Yazdan has recently received an Excellence in Mentorship Award from the University of Washington Bioengineering Department.
The brain shows marked plasticity across a variety of learning and memory tasks as well as during recovery after injury. Many have proposed to leverage this innate plasticity using brain stimulation to treat neural disorders. Implementing such treatments requires advanced engineering tools and a thorough understanding of how stimulation-induced plasticity drives changes in network dynamics and connectivity at a large scale and across multiple brain areas. In this talk, Dr. Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad will present her lab’s efforts to investigate targeted stimulation of primate cortex to drive cortical plasticity towards functional recovery. They have developed large-scale interfaces consisting of state-of-the-art electrophysiology and optogenetics to simultaneously record and manipulate activity from about 5 cm2 of cortex in awake behaving macaques. Using this interface, for the first time, Dr. Yazdan’s lab has shown the feasibility of inducing targeted changes in sensorimotor networks using optogenetics. Furthermore, they have incorporated the capability of producing ischemic lesions in the same interface enabling them to stimulate the cortex around the site of injury and monitor functional recovery via changes in blood flow, neurophysiology, and behavior. Currently they are using these technologies towards developing therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders such as stroke.
Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Neuroengineering Initiative
Dr. Luan was trained in device and quantum physics at Stanford (Ph. D.) and Harvard (postdoc fellow). She then made a career transition to neural engineering. She is currently an assistant professor at Rice University, in the department of electrical and computer engineering, and the department of bioengineering. Her lab works on the development of ultraflexible neural electrode and their application in rodent models of neurological disorders.
The central nervous system (CNS), composed of the brain and the spinal cord, is the most complex system in the human body. Neurotechnology capable of detecting the faults in CNS and restoring normal functions must be able to interface with the nervous tissue bi-directionally, at high spatiotemporal resolutions, and over extended periods. In this talk, I will discuss our efforts on developing ultraflexible electrodes to meet these needs. These efforts include: 1) further development of the NanoElectronic Threads (NETs), currently the thinnest, most flexible and tissue compatible intracortical electrode, for high-resolution intracortical microstimulation that robustly elicits behavioral reports; 2) high-quality, single-unit recording in the spinal cord during animal movements and over long terms, and 3) high-volumetric-density recordings and large-scale, distributed recordings in the brain. These neurotechnology advances enable new opportunities for understanding and potentially treating a broad spectrum of CNS disorders and injuries.
Assistant Professor
Department of Biomedical Engineering
MnDRIVE Neuromodulation Scholar
Alexander Opitz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Minnesota. His research focuses on developing non-invasive brain stimulation technologies for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Dr. Opitz has a particular interest in the underlying biophysics and physiology of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electric stimulation (TES). He believes it is necessary to study the effect of brain stimulation across various levels of investigation to make progress. Thus, research in his lab spans from computational modeling of electric fields and their effect on neurons, to electrophysiological recordings of brain activity in animal models and humans. His lab is further developing closed-loop stimulation technologies to improve the effectiveness of TMS. Dr. Opitz organizes the annual “Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Workshop” at the University of Minnesota targeted at all researchers interested in advancing their methods tool kit in advanced brain stimulation methods.
Neural oscillations reflect and organize brain functions. Non-invasive Brain Stimulation methods such as Transcranial Alternating Current stimulation (TACS) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) are increasingly used to target specific brain rhythms. In this talk I will present our recent research on TACS/TMS mechanisms and how to develop more effective stimulation protocols using concurrent brain measurements. I will show how non-invasive brain stimulation affects neural activity at the level of local field potentials and single-unit activity. I will demonstrate how local electric fields will affect spiking behavior and how this is affected by neuron morphology and orientation to the electric field. I will further discuss how findings from animal experiments can be translated to improve human brain stimulation protocols based on careful modeling and mapping of stimulation parameters. I will discuss how tracking brain oscillations in real-time to inform stimulation timing can improve the effectiveness of brain stimulation.
Michael Oakes, PhD, serves as the University of Minnesota’s interim vice president for research, a position that oversees the institution’s $1+ billion research enterprise across all campuses and facilities. Michael directly manages units responsible for sponsored projects, research and regulatory compliance, and technology commercialization, as well as 10 interdisciplinary academic centers and institutes.
Michael has been part of the University community for 20 years, most recently serving as an associate vice president for research. Outside of his administrative role, Michael is a professor in the School of Public Health’s Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, where his research aims to understand the social determinants of health. Michael has published over 135 articles in scholarly journals and authored the textbook Methods in Social Epidemiology.
As a first-generation college student, Michael attended Holyoke Community College in Massachusetts. He later earned both his bachelor’s degree and PhD from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He joined the University of Minnesota as an assistant professor in 2001.