Connectivism

Overview of Connectivism

Connectivism, the learning theory of the digital era, focuses on how to recognize and choose relevant knowledge needed to acquiring the skills to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information effectively in the digital era. Common learning theories such as behavorism, cognitivism, and contructivism prioritizes on the process of learning and the individual's personal understanding (Shagnar, 2020).  Connectivism invites the integration of social media and online communities in the learning space for learners to expand their knowledge and stay updated. 

Key Figures of Connectivism

In connectivism it is the collective connections between all the ‘nodes’ in a network that result in new forms of knowledge (Bates, 2020).

Implications of Connectivism in Instructional Design

Connectivism seems limiting. It is beneficial in eLearning where learners can incorporate online discussion forums for students to interact with each other and their instructors and be exposed to a flow of information for learners' to reflect on the meaning. The idea of teachers using online fan fiction to bridge gaps with ESL learners from different communities is one example of how technology is a good way to foster community. However, it places unrealistic expectations on the assumption that "learning will automactically occur through exposure to the flow of information and the individual's autonomous reflection" (Bates, 2020). It does not provide scaffolding opportunities which is necessary for elementary and secondary learners. 

Additionally, Kimmons (2022) writes that connectivism is the integration of principles explored by chaos, network, and complexity and self-organization theories. It also suggests no need for formal institutions for learning often depends heavily on social media. It does not provide guidance for teachers and how they can facilitate learning if it takes place online or in the classroom. It would be interesting to see the connectivism theory applied to subject areas such as Social Studies and history is taught, considering that connectivism prioritizes the flow of information and technology has changed the way we receive information. 

Strengths and Weaknesses of Connectivism in Professional Development for Teachers

Strengths in Connectivism in Professional Development for Teachers

• Professional development in digital literacy for teachers and students - opportunities to advance in the modern world. Students are challenged to apply critical thinking when doing online research and gain responsibility about the ethical use of online resources. Teachers gain new technical skills that foster greater communication between teams, add new instant messaging and project management tools.

• Potential flow of information between school districts- collaborative work with massive numbers creates an online space for fellow teachers to connect and share insights. Professional Developments can incorporate real-world problem-solving scenarios where Learners can engage in authentic tasks that require them to tap into their personal learning networks to find solutions and collaborate with others.

Weaknesess in Connectivism in Professional Development for Teachers

• Cost of professional developments in technology - implementing new programs and providing stipends to attend programs can be costly.  

• Too many cooks spoil the broth- readily available information provides ample resources, however, the education space at times moves at a slow pace. It can be difficult for teachers to buy in on what the training has to offer considering formal institutions are the preferred way to support learning rather than collaborative work in massive numbers. 

References

Bates, T. (2022). Teaching in a Digital Age: Guidelines for designing teaching and learning (3rd ed.). Tony Bates Associates Ltd. https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/teachinginadigitalagev3m/ 

Kimmons, R. (2022). Education Research Across Multiple Paradigms. https://doi.org/10.59668/133 

Loveless, B. (2023, April 14). 6 Essential Steps: How to Teach Digital Literacy to Your Students. Education Corner. https://www.educationcorner.com/how-to-teach-digital-literacy/ 

Shagdar, Z. (2020, July 2). Connectivism - A learning theory [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvhY70C6Drk