We have prepared 10 sample themes per class with descriptions of experiments you may choose to showcase. These themes are created in accordance with the Telangana State syllabus.
Food and Nutrition
Model: Different food items and their sources (plants or animals).
Materials: Printed pictures of various food items, cardboard, glue, markers, colored paper, scissors.
Description: Create a food chart showing different food items categorized into groups like carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Use cardboard to make the base and colored paper for the sections. Cut and paste pictures of food items in each section, labeling them appropriately. This visual representation helps in understanding the sources and types of nutrients.
Magnetic Properties
Model: Various shapes of magnets and their poles.
Materials: Bar magnets, iron filings, paper clips, nails, plastic objects, wooden objects, cardboard, glue, markers.
Description: Create a display board showing how magnets attract certain materials. Arrange various objects like paper clips, nails, plastic, and wood on the board, labeling them as magnetic or non-magnetic. Demonstrate magnetic attraction and repulsion using two bar magnets, showing how poles repel and unlike poles attract.
Water Cycle
Model: A 3D representation of the water cycle including evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
Materials: Plastic container, water, plastic wrap, small rock, ice cubes, colored paper, markers, glue, scissors.
Description: Set up a mini water cycle by filling a plastic container with water. Cover it with plastic wrap and place a small rock in the center to create a dip. Add ice cubes on top of the wrap to simulate condensation. Use colored paper to create labels for evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, and attach them around the container.
Separation of Substances
Model: Different methods of separating mixtures (filtration, sedimentation, etc.).
Materials: Sand, salt, water, filter paper, funnel, clear plastic cups, spoons, stove or heat source (with supervision), glass dish, cardboard, markers.
Description: Demonstrate separation techniques by mixing sand and salt in water. Use a funnel and filter paper to separate sand from the mixture. Then, evaporate the water by gently heating the solution to recover the salt. Display each step in clear plastic cups with labels, and create a small poster explaining each method.
Habitats of Animals
Model: Different habitats (forest, desert, aquatic) and the animals that live in them.
Materials: Shoe boxes, colored paper, clay, plastic animals, glue, markers, small plants or moss, scissors.
Description: Create dioramas of different habitats using shoe boxes. Decorate each box to represent a specific habitat (forest, desert, aquatic) using colored paper and clay. Place plastic animals and small plants to complete the scene. Label each habitat and describe the animals living there.
Plant Parts and Functions
Model: Detailed model of a plant showing roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Materials: Construction paper, markers, glue, scissors, real plants or printed pictures, cardboard.
Description: Construct a large paper model of a plant on a piece of cardboard, showing roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Label each part and describe its function. Use real plants or printed pictures to provide examples for comparison. Create a chart explaining the role of each plant part in detail.
Model of Solar System, Solar Eclipse/Lunar Eclipse
Model: 3D Model of the Solar System
Materials: Balls of different sizes, skewers or sticks, paint, markers, cardboard.
Description: Paint the balls to represent the planets and the sun. Use skewers or sticks to attach the planets to a cardboard base, arranging them in order from the sun. Label each planet and provide interesting facts about them. Explain the scale and distances in the solar system.
Light, Shadows, and Reflections
Model: The formation of shadows with different objects.
Materials: Flashlight, various objects (toys, blocks), white paper, mirrors, cardboard, tape, markers.
Description: Set up a station where a flashlight can be used to cast shadows of different objects onto white paper. Use mirrors to demonstrate reflection. Arrange the objects and mirrors on a piece of cardboard, labeling where the light source, objects, and mirrors are placed. Display how the angle of the flashlight affects the size and shape of the shadows.
Changes Around Us
Model: Reversible and irreversible changes (e.g., melting of ice, burning of paper).
Materials: Ice cubes, salt, paper, matches (supervised), metal spoon, water, clear plastic cups, cardboard, markers.
Description: Show reversible changes by melting ice cubes and refreezing the water. Demonstrate irreversible changes by burning a piece of paper (under supervision). Use clear plastic cups to display the stages of each change (solid, liquid, gas) with labels. Create a small poster explaining the concepts of reversible and irreversible changes.
Living and Non-Living Things
Model: Characteristics of living and non-living things.
Materials: Small plants, rocks, paper, markers, glue, cardboard, scissors.
Description: Create a comparison chart on a piece of cardboard showing the characteristics of living and non-living things. Use real small plants and rocks as examples. Label the features like growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli for living things, and absence of these features for non-living things. Add drawings or cut-out pictures to illustrate each characteristic.
Good luck!
Food Components
Model: Nutrients in different food items.
Materials: Printed pictures of various food items, cardboard, glue, markers, colored paper, scissors.
Description: Create a food chart showing different food items categorized into carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Use cardboard to make the base and colored paper for the sections. Cut and paste pictures of food items in each section, labeling them appropriately. This helps understand the nutritional value of different foods.
Acids and Bases
Model: Effects of acids and bases using turmeric.
Materials: Turmeric, water, soap solution, lemon juice, vinegar, white paper, cotton swabs.
Description: Prepare turmeric paper by mixing turmeric with water and applying it to white paper. Test different household substances by applying them with cotton swabs. Soap solution will turn the turmeric paper red (basic), and lemon juice/vinegar will have no effect (acidic). Display results on a chart.
Silk and Wool
Model: Life cycle of the silkworm and stages of wool processing.
Materials: Printed pictures or drawings of silkworms and sheep, cardboard, markers, glue.
Description: Create a flowchart showing the life cycle of the silkworm from egg to adult moth. Also, create a model showing the process of obtaining wool from sheep, including shearing, cleaning, and spinning.
Motion and Time
Model: Different types of motion (linear, circular, periodic).
Materials: Toys like a toy car, a ball, string, markers, cardboard.
Description: Create models to demonstrate different types of motion. Use a toy car for linear motion, a ball for circular motion, and a simple homemade pendulum using string and a small weight (e.g., a key) for periodic motion. Display these models on a cardboard base with labels.
Heat and Measurement
Model: Methods of heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation).
Materials: Metal spoon, water, container, lamp, cardboard, markers.
Description: Create simple experiments to show conduction (heating one end of a metal spoon), convection (heating water in a container and observing the movement), and radiation (using a lamp to show heat transfer through space). Label and explain each method.
Weather and Climate
Model: Simple weather observation station.
Materials: Clear plastic bottle, ruler, marker, water, small plastic cup, string, cardboard.
Description: Create a simple rain gauge using a plastic bottle with measurements marked on it. Create a wind vane using a small plastic cup attached to a string to show wind direction. Explain how these simple tools can help observe weather patterns.
Solar and Lunar Eclipses
Model: Eclipse Demonstration
Materials: Small balls (to represent the Earth and the Moon), a flashlight (to represent the Sun), sticks, cardboard.
Description: Use the flashlight to represent the Sun, a larger ball for the Earth, and a smaller ball for the Moon. Attach the balls to sticks and place them on a cardboard base. Demonstrate the alignment of the Earth, Moon, and Sun during a solar and lunar eclipse. Explain the differences between the two types of eclipses and why they occur.
Air, Winds, and Cyclones
Model: Formation of cyclones.
Materials: Clear plastic container, water, food coloring, spoon, cardboard, markers.
Description: Create a small cyclone model by swirling water in a clear plastic container and adding food coloring to visualize the vortex. Explain the conditions that lead to cyclone formation and their effects.
Reflection of Light
Model: Simple reflection experiment.
Materials: Small mirror, flashlight, white paper, cardboard, markers.
Description: Use a small mirror and flashlight to demonstrate reflection. Shine the flashlight on the mirror at different angles and observe the reflected light on white paper. Draw and label the setup on a piece of cardboard.
Soil: Our Life
Model: Layers of soil.
Materials: Clear plastic container, sand, clay, small stones, soil, water, markers.
Description: Create a model showing different layers of soil using a clear plastic container. Fill the container with layers of sand, clay, small stones, and soil to represent the various layers. Label each layer and explain their importance.
Cell Structure and Functions
Model: 3D Plant and Animal Cell Models
Materials: Clay, colored paper, markers, cardboard, plastic wrap.
Description: Construct 3D models of plant and animal cells using clay for organelles. Cover with plastic wrap to represent cell membranes. Use colored paper to label each part and provide descriptions of their functions.
Microbial World
Model: Microbial Growth Demonstration
Materials: Bread, water, ziplock bags, marker.
Description: Place a damp bread slice in a ziplock bag and observe mold growth over several days. Label the bags with dates and describe the stages of mold growth. Discuss the role of microorganisms in decomposition.
Forces and Motion
Model: Balloon Rocket Experiment
Materials: Balloons, straws, string, tape, markers.
Description: Thread a string through a straw and tape a blown-up balloon to the straw. Release the balloon to demonstrate Newton's third law of motion. Use markers to decorate and label the components.
Friction
Model: Friction Ramp Experiment
Materials: Wooden board, cloth, sandpaper, plastic, small ball.
Description: Create a ramp using a wooden board. Test how far a ball rolls on different surfaces (cloth, sandpaper, plastic) attached to the ramp. Record and compare the distances to show the effect of friction.
Sound
Model: DIY Musical Instruments
Materials: Rubber bands, cardboard box, plastic bottles, rice.
Description: Create simple musical instruments: stretch rubber bands over a cardboard box to make a guitar and fill plastic bottles with different amounts of rice to create shakers. Demonstrate how vibrations produce sound.
Reflection of Light
Model: Periscope
Materials: Two small mirrors, cardboard tube, tape, scissors.
Description: Construct a simple periscope using a cardboard tube and two small mirrors. Align the mirrors at 45-degree angles inside the tube to reflect light. Use it to observe objects out of direct sight and explain the reflection.
Reproduction in Animals
Model: Frog Life Cycle Diorama
Materials: Shoebox, clay, colored paper, markers, glue.
Description: Create a diorama in a shoebox depicting the life cycle of a frog. Use clay to model eggs, tadpoles, and adult frogs. Label each stage and provide descriptions.
Biodiversity and Conservation
Model: Miniature Ecosystem
Materials: Clear plastic container, soil, small plants, pebbles, water.
Description: Build a small ecosystem in a clear plastic container using soil, plants, and pebbles. Explain the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers. Discuss the importance of biodiversity and conservation.
Synthetic Fibres and Plastics
Model: Plastic Recycling Process
Materials: Different plastic items, cardboard, markers, glue.
Description: Create a poster displaying the steps of the plastic recycling process. Use actual plastic items (bottles, bags) and arrange them in stages (collection, sorting, shredding, melting). Explain each step and its significance.
Combustion and Flame
Model: Fire Triangle Demonstration
Materials: Candles, matches, glass jars, cardboard, markers.
Description: Set up a demonstration showing the fire triangle (fuel, heat, oxygen). Light a candle and place a glass jar over it to show how removing oxygen extinguishes the flame. Label and explain each component of the fire triangle.
Cell Structure and Functions
Model: Cell Membrane Permeability Experiment
Materials: Eggs, vinegar, water, food coloring, cups.
Description: Soak an egg in vinegar to dissolve the shell, leaving the membrane intact. Place the egg in colored water and observe how the color diffuses through the membrane. Explain the concept of cell membrane permeability.
Photosynthesis
Model: Photosynthesis Process with Leaf Experiment
Materials: Leaf, clear plastic bag, water, sunlight.
Description: Place a leaf in a clear plastic bag with a small amount of water. Seal the bag and place it in sunlight. Observe condensation inside the bag, demonstrating the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.
Human Digestive System
Model: Digestive System Using Household Items
Materials: Plastic tubes, balloons, small bags, markers.
Description: Create a model of the digestive system using plastic tubes for the intestines, balloons for the stomach, and small bags for other organs. Label each part and explain its function in the digestive process.
Reproduction in Plants
Model: Plant Pollination Process
Materials: Flowers, cotton swabs, clear containers, water.
Description: Use real flowers to demonstrate the process of pollination. Transfer pollen using cotton swabs and observe the growth of pollen tubes in clear containers with water.
Climate Change and Its Impact
Model: Greenhouse Effect Demonstration
Materials: Two clear plastic bottles, plastic wrap, tape, sunlight or lamp.
Description: Place one bottle open to the air and cover the other with plastic wrap to simulate the greenhouse effect. Place both bottles in sunlight or under a lamp and compare the temperatures by feeling them. Explain how greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere.
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Model: Inertia Demonstration
Materials: Coin, card, glass.
Description: Place a card on top of a glass and a coin on the card. Quickly flick the card horizontally, causing the coin to drop into the glass, demonstrating inertia. Explain Newton’s first law of motion.
Refraction of Light
Model: Refraction Demonstration
Materials: Transparent glass, water, pencil.
Description: Place a pencil in a glass of water and observe how it appears to bend. Explain the concept of refraction and why this bending occurs.
Electrical Circuits
Model: Static Electricity Experiment
Materials: Balloon, wool cloth, small pieces of paper.
Description: Rub a balloon on a wool cloth to create static electricity. Hold the balloon near small pieces of paper and observe how they are attracted to the balloon. Explain the concept of static electricity and its effects.
Chemical Reactions
Model: Baking Soda and Vinegar Reaction
Materials: Baking soda, vinegar, food coloring, dish soap, plastic bottle.
Description: Create a simple reaction by mixing baking soda and vinegar in a plastic bottle. Add food coloring and dish soap to create a foamy eruption. Explain the chemical reaction occurring between the acid and base.
Environmental Conservation
Model: Water Filtration System
Materials: Sand, gravel, charcoal, plastic bottles, water.
Description: Create a simple water filtration system using plastic bottles layered with sand, gravel, and charcoal. Pour dirty water through the system and observe the filtration process. Explain the importance of clean water and the role of natural filtration in environmental conservation.
Cell Division and Genetics
Model: Mitosis Stages Model
Materials: Clay, colored paper, markers, cardboard.
Description: Use clay to create models of cells in different stages of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase). Place these models on a piece of cardboard and label each stage. Explain the process of cell division and its importance in growth and repair.
Photosynthesis
Model: Photosynthesis Process with Leaf Experiment
Materials: Leaf, clear plastic bag, water, sunlight.
Description: Place a leaf in a clear plastic bag with a small amount of water. Seal the bag and place it in sunlight. Observe condensation inside the bag, demonstrating the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.
Human Digestive System
Model: Digestive System Using Household Items
Materials: Plastic tubes, balloons, small bags, markers.
Description: Create a model of the digestive system using plastic tubes for the intestines, balloons for the stomach, and small bags for other organs. Label each part and explain its function in the digestive process.
Reproduction in Plants
Model: Plant Pollination Process
Materials: Flowers, cotton swabs, clear containers, water.
Description: Use real flowers to demonstrate the process of pollination. Transfer pollen using cotton swabs and observe the growth of pollen tubes in clear containers with water.
Climate Change and Its Impact
Model: Carbon Footprint Calculation
Materials: Printed charts, markers, household item lists.
Description: Create a chart to calculate the carbon footprint of common household activities (e.g., driving, using electricity). Use printed charts and markers to track daily activities and their carbon emissions. Discuss ways to reduce the carbon footprint and mitigate climate change.
Energy Conservation
Model: Insulation Experiment
Materials: Small containers, hot water, different insulating materials (e.g., cloth, foil, paper), thermometer.
Description: Fill small containers with hot water and wrap them with different insulating materials. Measure the temperature of the water at regular intervals using a thermometer. Compare the effectiveness of different materials in conserving heat. Explain the importance of insulation in energy conservation.
Refraction of Light
Model: DIY Water Lens
Materials: Clear plastic wrap, water, cardboard, markers.
Description: Create a convex lens using clear plastic wrap filled with water. Stretch the plastic wrap over a cardboard frame and fill it with water. Use the water lens to observe how it magnifies objects. Explain the concept of refraction and how lenses work.
Chemical Reactions
Model: Rust Formation Experiment
Materials: Steel wool, vinegar, clear container, water.
Description: Place steel wool in vinegar to remove any protective coating, then leave it in a clear container with a little water. Observe the formation of rust over a few days. Explain the chemical reaction between iron, oxygen, and water that causes rusting.
Sound Waves
Model: Sound Wave Visualization
Materials: Plastic wrap, bowl, rice grains, speaker.
Description: Stretch plastic wrap tightly over a bowl and place rice grains on top. Position the bowl near a speaker and play music at different volumes. Observe how the rice grains move with the sound vibrations. Explain how sound waves cause vibrations in different mediums.
Environmental Conservation
Model: Compost Bin
Materials: Large container with lid, food scraps, yard waste, soil.
Description: Create a compost bin using a large container. Layer food scraps, yard waste, and soil in the container. Turn the compost regularly and observe the decomposition process. Explain the benefits of composting for reducing waste and enriching soil.