Abstracts - Health, Politics & Economics

Solidarity in "an unjust world": A Reading of John Rawls Theory of Justice

Dr. Godofredo Priscilo G. Nebrija

Department Head

Saint Louis University, Baguio City, Philippines

This paper intends to present a reading of John Rawls's Theory of Justice as a basis to deal with the crisis faced by the world mainly, on the idea of Global Solidarity. It assumes that the world is unjust economically, politically, and socially. Due to these characteristics, the world faces different levels of crisis that puts global solidarity in question. Societies vary in their approaches in dealing with these same characteristics. The varying degree of perception of situations influences their role in these circumstances. It is necessary to determine how societies respond to such cases to understand their position or stand to rationalize but not necessarily justify their acts. It would still go back to whether such actions prevent or eliminate such characteristics from continuing these unfair characteristics. The paper aims to highlight the ongoing war in Eastern Europe, specifically in Ukraine, the continuing domestic squabble in Myanmar, and the openness of China to annex Taiwan. These particular areas open up questions that highlight the solidarity level that can materialize in this world. Questions on independence and sovereignty, the justness of war, solidarity, and support for aggrieved nations, and the allowed level of intervention, to name a few, are ideas that create a crisis for global citizenship.

Another important aspect the paper will be dealing with is societies' responses in these particular instances. In reading John Rawls's Theory of Justice, the researcher expects to present a guide on dealing with such a crisis that prevents double standard measures that will preserve global solidarity and ultimately attain global peace and mutual existence.

Keywords: Global citizenship, Intervention, First world standard, Global Peace

Dilemmas in Health Information Technology and Decision Support Systems Adoption

Dr Dennis B. Batangan

Lecturer and Associate Researcher

Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines

While the health systems respond to human needs, health information technology acquires more roles in the decision-making process in the delivery of health services. The introduction of technology-mediated processes aims to facilitate socio-technical processes. However, technology as a driver of change in health systems also highlights differences in value orientations. This presentation attempts to examine the dynamics of transitions in ongoing health information system projects. Two specific issues will be interrogated as dilemmas of health care professionals - the conflicts in value orientations when confronted with technology-mediated processes and an ethical dilemma when technology intervenes in the decision-making processes for public or individual health care.

Keywords: Dilemmas in health technologies, eHealth; health system transitions, decision-making in health

Digital Idolatry, Biased Opinion, and Mass Hysteria:

The Rise of Influencers and The Loss of Common Sense

AC Mahendra K Datu

Columnist for Kompas on Futurism

Columnist for KONTAN on Business and Management

Columnist for SWA & Warta Ekonomi Magazines

Lecturer at UNIKA Atma Jaya, Jakarta

The rise of KOL (Key Opinion Leaders), also popularly known as 'influencers' has been creating a sort of paradoxical digital society in different realities: a society whose access to information is unlimited and so rich, and on the contrary, a society that loses a sense of logic when it comes to making choices or decisions. The current cases of influencers being accused of giving misleading information on certain investment instruments such as crypto currency, mining trading, or binary option trading for foreign exchange are believed to be more than just moral issues, but rather as stated before, society’s extreme inability to be critical and sensible in understanding reality and responding to them properly.

Keywords: influencers, information misleading, sensibilities, digital idolatry, decision making, critical thinking

Ethical Consumers: Does Deontological Evaluation Play Role in Purchasing Organic Food Product?

Dr Mahestu N Krisjanti

Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Ethical consumers tend to associate their behaviors with sustainable and green consumerism. They will only purchase ethical products, from ethical producers that respect human beings and the environment including animals. Organic food products have long been known as ethical products because the process of growing them will always protect human beings and the environment. This study that involving 174 respondents, evaluated the determinant variables of organic food purchasing intention, which are attitude toward organic food and subjective norms. Subjective norms indicate the belief or norm that important people will approve a particular behavior which is purchasing organic food. The study found that those two determinant variables significantly contribute to the intention to purchase organic food. Furthermore, this study also tested whether deontological evaluation as an ethical value would also give impact to those two determinant variables. In this study, deontology is the normative ethical view that judges the morality of purchasing organic food based on compliance with the rules. The study reported that deontological evaluation significantly influenced the consumers’ attitude toward organic food and also subjective norms of buying organic food. Therefore, to increase the consumers’ intention to purchase organic food, the stakeholders need to educate the consumers about the ethical values of purchasing organic food.

Keywords: deontology, organic food, sustainable consumerism, green consumerism

BOUNDED RATIONALITY AND GLOBAL ECONOMIC SOLIDARITY

Herlina Yoka Roida

Faculty of Business

Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya - Indonesia

The economic assumptions are built based on a rationality framework that each party gets the greatest benefit (maximizing) and should be enjoyed for all elements. However, it seems that humans are not rational creatures as the mainstream economic view assumes, that human rationality knows the limits of ability or is called bounded rationality. Human decision making is oriented to the best results that can be achieved (satisficing). Thus, humans have limitations in knowing all alternatives or the consequences of each alternative because of limited information and knowledge. However, do humans in today's digital era that no boundaries experience of limited information? The abundance of information allows all countries to be connected with each other, including information about the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This indicates that global solidarity should be better transmitted through the availability of information. The obstacle that appears is not limited to information, but the cognitive structure that blocks the information itself. Humans choose the type of information that can satisfy their interests. There is no exchange of information in building global solidarity and the dominance of one-way narrative development. The reason is more to ideological differences as a closed knowledge system, thus closing the understanding of the existence of unwanted 'the others'. The logical consequence is that economic assistance to the poor is not based on the principles of equality and justice, but is based on grouping into same cognitive zones. As consequence, this situation can hinder the solidarity movement globally, in an era of information abundance.

Keywords: Bounded rationality, irrational behaviour, economic solidarity

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