Assessment Overview

Purpose: Provides a measure to quantify lower extremity functional strength and/or identify movement strategies a patient uses to complete transitional movements

Equipment: Stopwatch, standard height chair

ICF Category: Activity

Assessment Handout

Assessment Psychometrics

Stroke

There are no recommendations for use based on acuity level of the patient. The 5xSTS is recommended for use in acute care, inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing facilities, outpatient rehabilitation, and home health. Students do not need to learn how to administer this tool, but they should be exposed to it. The 5xSTS is appropriate for use in research.

The 5xSTS is an easy and effective tool to use to assess sit to stand transfers and is responsive to change in balance over time, though both the DGI and ABC are more sensitive in detecting patients that have balance disorders. There are many variations of the 5xSTS but measurements of time are more precise than measurements of repetitions during an allotted time period. However, in weaker patients, using a timed measure may be more suitable if they are not able to complete the allotted repetition.

• Concurrent Validity: Excellent correlation with bilateral knee flexor strength of affected and unaffected knee flexors (r=-0.753-0.830) Not correlated with balance ability

• Cutoff Score: Greater than 12 seconds distinguishes those with stroke

• Interrater Reliability: Excellent (ICC=0.970)

• Intrarater Reliability: Excellent (ICC = 0.999)

• Test-retest: Excellent (ICC=0.994)

Multiple Sclerosis

Neuro PT EDGE is unable to recommend (2/4) the 5xSTS in any setting with the MS population because of the lack of psychometric data. ANPT is also unable to recommend the use of this test for individuals with an EDSS level <7.5. It is not recommended for individuals with an EDSS level >1. There is still a lack of data when looking at using this test based on disability level. It is not recommended that students specifically learn to use this test with individuals with MS.

There are no specific psychometrics to report for the use of the 5xSTS test on individuals with MS. The psychometrics used are those for older community-dwelling adults. While there is no specific data, the 5xSTS test is a core outcome measure, so it is recommended for use in all adults with neurologic conditions. It is also very quick and easy to administer and would be easy to use when setting goals.

Parkinson's Disease

The 5xSTS scale is recommended for use with PD patients in Hoehn and Yahr stages I-IV, but not recommended in Hoehn and Yahr stage V. Students should learn and be exposed to the 5xSTS for the PD population. The 5xSTS is appropriate for use in intervention research studies.

The 5xSTS is an easy and effective tool to use to assess sit to stand transfers and is responsive to change in balance over time, though both the DGI and ABC are more sensitive in detecting patients that have balance disorders. There are many variations of the 5xSTS but measurements of time are more precise than measurements of repetitions during an allotted time period. However, in weaker patients using a timed measure may be more suitable if they are not able to complete the allotted repetition.

• Criterion Validity: Excellent correlation with Mini-BESTest (r=0.71) ; Adequate with ABC scale (r=0.54) ; Adequate correlation with 6MWT (r=0.60)

• Cutoff Score: > 16.0 seconds indicates risk of falls

• Floor/Ceiling Effects: Individuals in H & Y stage I-IV were unable to perform 5xSTS without using upper extremities

• Interrater Reliability: Excellent (ICC=0.99)

• Mean Dat : Baseline: 9.67 seconds ; Retest: 9.48 seconds

• SEM: 0.6

• Test-retest: Excellent (ICC=0.91)

Traumatic Brain Injury

There are no recommendations for the use of the 5x STS in patients after brain injury regardless of their severity. There are also no recommendations on the setting that the 5x STS should be used in or if students should learn the tool for this population.

There are no specific psychometrics to report for the use of the 5xSTS test on individuals with TBI. The psychometrics used are those for older community-dwelling adults. While there is no specific data, the 5xSTS test is a core outcome measure, so it is recommended for use in all adults with neurologic conditions. It is also very quick and easy to administer and would be easy to use when setting goals.

Instructional Video

Application Videos