1.2.1a The need for, function and purposes of operating systems
1.2.1b Memory management (paging, segmentation and virtual memory)
1.2.1c Interrupts, the role of interrupts and Interrupt Service Routines (ISR), role within the fetch decode execute cycle
1.2.1d Scheduling: round robin, first come first served, multi-level feedback queues, shortest job first and shortest remaining time
1.2.1e Distributed, embedded, multi-tasking, multi-user and real time operating systems
1.2.1f BIOS
1.2.1g Device drivers
1.2.1h Virtual machines, any instance where software is used to take on the function of a machine including executing intermediate code or running an operating system within another