Examining a Bestiary Animal
The Griffin:
a mythical creature built with the body of a lion and the wings and head of an eagle. A symbol of strength, this animal was known for its violence toward humans and other creatures, as well as the guardian of priceless possessions.
Unknown Origins
According to The Medieval Bestiary, the Griffin was born in the Hyperborean mountains. The term "Hyperborea" comes from Greek mythology; it refers to a race of giants whose location is difficult to pinpoint, but is most likely the region of Thrace. In modern geography, this region is now shared by Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey. ("Hyperborea," Wikipedia).
A Creature of Immense Strength
Utilizing the strength of the lion and the eagle combined, the Griffin has immense power over other creatures. It can "tear a man to pieces or carry him to its nest to feed its young" (The Medieval Bestiary). It can carry an entire live ox, and is said to be the enemy of the horse.
The symbolism of the Griffin is one I find particularly interesting. It combines the king of the beasts (the lion) with the king of the birds (the eagle). Despite its incredible abilities — to the right: "Griffin eating man's head" — this fictional animal's ultimate goal is to guard treasure.
As written in Mediaeval Lore, "griffins keep the mountains in which be gems and precious stones, and suffer them not to be taken from thence" (Bartholomew Anglicus (London, 1893/1905) Steele edition of 1905).
This prompts the question: why did medieval writers and storytellers establish an animal that posses such brute strength as a mere guardian of precious gems?
Maybe the writers were trying to convey that this beast only acts violently when it is necessary: to feed its young. Otherwise, it is relatively peaceful and practices guardianship over priceless treasures. Therefore, the symbolism of the Griffin may have been used to communicate that kings, and other figures of power, should practice restraint.
A Modern Interpretation of the Griffin
While we no longer live in the feudal world of medieval times, the symbolism of the Griffin remains relevant to modern culture. By my interpretation, this creature shows us that a person is truly strong when they practice self-control. Considering that the Griffin was a combination of two "kings," its behavior sends a message about how our leaders should carry themselves and think wisely about their actions.
Sources
“Griffin eating man's head.” Digital Bodleian. Bodleian Library MS. e Mus. 136.
“Griffin.” The Medieval Bestiary, 15 Jan. 2011.
Wikipedia contributors. "Hyperborea." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 24 Sep. 2019. Web. 11 Oct. 2019.