The McMahon Cosmology Lab

Exploring our Universe with the tools of experimental physics

Research Overview

Our  group uses the tools of experimental physics to study our Universe.  We have a particular focus on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) which is the radiation left over from the Big Bang.  With our collaborators we develop, build, and deploy instruments to measure the CMB and analyze data through to cosmological results.  Goals for this work include understanding the primordial Universe (10-34 s after our Universe began), dark energy, the properties of neutrinos, and hunting for surprises.  The Simons Observatory Forecast paper and the CMB-S4 science book give excellent overviews of the future of CMB science.


2021

2019

 Projects

Data is currently being acquired with ACT's third generation camera, Advanced ACTPol (AdvACT).  This instrument is optimized to measure the CMB to arcminute scales in bands spanning 27-230 GHz.  The  ACTPol instrument is describe here, and a list of published results can be found here.

Simons Observatory will make significant progress in our understanding of our Universe and fundamental physics.  It will comprise a new 6 m telescope capable of supporting up to 120,000 detectors and three 0.42 m telescopes each with 10,000 detectors.  We are in the construction phase, with deployment beginning in 2020.   The science goals are described here and a list of instrument papers can be found here.

The 'Stage-4' ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment, CMB-S4, is being  designed to cross critical thresholds in testing inflation, determining the number and masses of the neutrinos, constraining possible new light relic particles, providing precise constraints on the nature of dark energy, and testing general relativity on large scales.


Detector Design  


In collaboration with NIST and the ACT collaboration, we developed horn coupled multichroic polarization sensitive detectors.  Since the initial design for the 90 and 150 GHz bands (MF), which was the first deployed multichroic polarimeter array, we have developed LF (27/38 GHz), HF (150 / 220 GHz), UHF (220./280 GHz, and UHF++ (220/280/310/405 GHz) polarimeters.  These detectors are a core technology for ACT, Simons Observatory, and CMB-S4.  We are currently workong on new designs for CMB-S4 and collaborating with the Shirokoff group on sub-millimeter IFU developemnt.


We have developed metamaterial antireflection coatings and polarization modulators fabricated from silicon.  These devices span up to 4:1 bandwidth and have been applied to five cameras for the ACT telescope, flown on the PIPER balloon, and are a core technology for Simons Observatory, Toltec, CLASS, CCAT-Prime, and CMB-S4.  We have deployed broad-band polarization modulators based on silicon metamaterials on ACT.  We have developed a high throughput production facility at FNAL at which we have devloped metameterial coatings on alumina which will be used on Simons Observatory and other future experiemnts.


Collaborating with Renee Hlozek, we developed materials to teach the basic elements of CMB data analysis to graduate students and postdoctoral researchers.  These materials are based on the code I wrote for the La Serena data science summer school in 2015.  These materials teach how to simulate the microwave sky and its observations and then proceed to explain the most relevant CMB analysis methods, including montecarlo power spectrum analysis and matched-filter point source extraction.   The next CMB-school was held this March 2019 in Princeton.  More details can be found here.



CCAT-Prime is the first suite of instruments on the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST), a 6-meter (20 feet) diameter telescope designed to operate at submillimeter to millimeter wavelengths and located at an exceptional site at 5600 meters (18,400 feet) on Cerro Chajnantor.  We are collaborating to develope a 350 GHz camera with the Niemack group at Cornell,  and to providing optics for the comissioning camera.

CLASS 

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) project aims to make a unique measurement of the CMB at large angular scales.  Our gruop fabricated the optics for the 150/220 cameras and are fabriacating optics to enable the next generation of receivers.


TolTEC

TolTEC is a three color camera operating in the 150, 220, and 270 GHz bands with 7000 detectors  on the 50 m Large Millimeter Telsecope (LMT) in Mexico.  We fabricated the lenses used in this new instrument and are collaborating on the high resolution cluster immaging survey.

Activities in our labs

Contact jjm@uchicago.edu if you have any questions