Four critical areas of instruction in Third Grade are:

1. Developing understanding of multiplication and division, as well as strategies for multiplication and division within 100

2. Developing understanding of fractions, especially unit fractions (fractions with a numerator of 1)

3. Developing understanding of the structure of rectangular arrays and of area

4. Describing and analyzing two-dimensional shapes

Third Grade students also work toward fluency with addition and subtraction within 1000 and multiplication and division within 100. By the end of third grade, they know all products of two one-digit numbers from memory.

(California Mathematics Framework, 2013, p. 157)