President Roosevelt created the Works Progress Administration on May 6, 1935 with Executive Order No. 7034, under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Harry Hopkins was the first administrator of the WPA, serving from July 1935 through December 1938. The WPA was renamed the Work Project Administration in 1939 and the project ended in 1943 with the involvement of World War II.
All across the country, Americans built public works projects of all shapes and sizes. The federal government hired hundreds of artists and paid them an hourly wage to create art that was "pleasing to the eye and that could inspire faith in democracy." (1) Musicians, writers, painters and playwrights created timeless works of art, many of which are still with us today.
2390 Easton Turnpike, Fairfield
Two 18-hole golf courses were built with funds from the WPA between 1933 and 1940. From their website, it was said that the Red Golf Course features 6,568 yards of golf for a par 72 and the Black Golf Course features 6,559 yards of golf for a par 71.
611 Old Post Road, Fairfield
Improvements were made to the 1794 Fairfield Town Hall during 1935 and 1936. The local architect Cameron Clark transformed the exterior back to its Colonial Revival style to celebrate the town's 300th anniversary. There were also some additions made to the building during this time period.
1 Indian Wells Road, Shelton
The stone arch bridge goes over Indian Hole Brook, a stream that falls 15 feet, and can be found at Indian Wells State Park in Shelton.
141 Hillandale Avenue, Stamford
The project was planned in 1933 by Town Engineer Llewellyn Bromfield Jr. during the administration of First Selectman John Hanrahan. The architect was Alfonse Vacca.
Work began in 1935 under the Federal Works Progress Administration. The cost of the original project was $400,000 with $85,000 coming from local taxpayers.
The first baseball game was played on the field in 1937 and the first football game and gradation in 1938. The stadium is named for Michael A. Boyle, the longtime Stamford High School coach and athletic director.
1000 Great Meadow Road, Stratford
The WPA conducted a large improvement project of Bridgeport's Municipal Airport located in Stratford after the City of Bridgeport purchased the land in 1933.
US 6 East of New Britain Avenue, Farmington
Shade Swamp Sanctuary was part of an 800-acre preserve which started out as a wildlife rehabilitation center in the 1930s. Injured animals were cared for and released back into the wild. It housed birds, wolves, bears, and many other animals.
The CCC built the log and shingle shelter in 1934 while the WPA built the cages and landscaped the grounds in 1937.
The structures are still in place today but the sanctuary has been abandoned.
100R Washington Street, Hartford
Through the financial help of the WPA, the new headquarters building was built in downtown Hartford.
1130 Maple Avenue, Hartford
The WPA expanded and improved the Goodwin Park Golf Course in Hartford CT. The WPA extended the golf course to 9 holes. The Golf Course is still in use today.
50 Whiting Street, Plainville
The former Fire & Community House was built with the help of WPA funds in 1936. It is now the home of the Plainville Recreation Department and the Youth Services office.
847 Quaker Lane South, West Hartford
The WPA built the Beachland Park pool and bathhouse in 1936. It is still in use today.
311 Brownstone Avenue, Prospect
The original quarry dates back to 1690 with commercial use in the late 1700s and 1800s. Portland brownstone was used in buildings all throughout the United States. A flood in 1936 and a hurricane in 1938 caused the quarry to be flooded and the damn was built in 1938 through WPA funds. The site is now an adventure sports water park with zip lines, cliff jumping, rock climbs and more.
Corner of Prospect Street and Church Street, Branford
Through the Works Progress Administration, the town was able to plant the grass seeds, the shrubs and trees along the park. The former site was an old dumping ground.
Harbor Street, Branford
The park was originally constructed in the early 1920s and named after Frank Parker and his parents who had owned a hotel on the property in the late 1800s and willed the land to the town upon Frank's death. The hotel was demolished and the park consisting of 25 acres was built.
The town received a grant from the Works Progress Administration to build the seawall and the wall along Harbor Street. The road leading into the park as well as the bathrooms were also built in 1935 as part of the WPA program.
200 Mount Carmel Avenue, Hamden
The tower at the top of Sleeping Giant State Park was built with funds from the Works Progress Administration in 1936. There is a spider and web design in the third floor window of the tower on the west side. Most agree that the web is a tribute to the WPA project director Henry Webb. The stone tower is 38 feet tall.
200 Derby Avenue, New Haven
The Timothy Francis Ahearn Memorial was built in 1937 by the New Haven Chapter Yankee Division Veterans Association and the Federal Art Project of the Works Progress Administration.
The first inscription reads the following (picture #5)
"Near Verdun France on October 27, 1918 after all the officers and sergeants of his command had become casualties, Corporal Ahearn took command of the remnants of his company, reorganized it into a fighting unit, and led his men throughout the remainder of the day with great bravery and ability. Later, the same day he rescued a wounded officer in the face of heavy machine gun fire. His country awarded him the distinguished service cross."
The second inscription reads the following (picture #6)
"When Corporal Ahearn assumed command of his shattered company, he sent this message on the envelope of a letter from his mother to his regimental commander. 'Have made two skeleton platoons of four squads apiece. Pvt. Kenney is made acting first sergeant. Am ready for any duty I am called up to perform. Am ready for replacements. Signed T. Ahearn, Corporal Commanding, Company C .'"
244 West Main Street (Route 156), East Lyme
The WPA was involved in a number of improvement projects at Rocky Neck State Park. The largest was the building of the Pavilion. The "shelter and terraces" were completed by the WPA in 1936 and sponsored by the State Park and Forest Commission. It is a 356 foot-long building was "the largest of all Depression-era Works Progress Administration public works projects constructed in Connecticut." (2)
Sheldon Road, Volunteown
This bridge is near Carol and Sheldon Roads in Voluntown and was done with the help of the WPA in 1938. The bridge was slated for demolition in 2015, but is still standing as of August 2021.
4 South Eagleville Road, Storrs
The Town Hall was built in 1937 with the help of a grant from the WPA. The building has since been added upon.
(1) “WPA Art Inventory.” Connecticut State Library. Accessed August 8, 2021. https://ctstatelibrary.org/wpa-art-inventory/.
“About Us.” Fairchild Wheeler Golf Course, January 26, 2021. https://www.fairchildwheelergolf.com/aboutus/.
Indian Hole Bridge, WPA Project. Accessed June 24, 2021. http://sheltontrails.blogspot.com/2010/02/indian-hole-bridge-wpa-project.html.
“Boyle Stadium.” Stamford Public Schools. Accessed June 25, 2021. https://www.stamfordpublicschools.org/stamford-high-school/athletics/pages/boyle-stadium.
Ugc. “An Abandoned Depression-Era Zoo in Connecticut.” Atlas Obscura, October 4, 2017. https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/shade-swamp-sanctuary.
“The Quarry That Built Boston and New York City.” Connecticut Explored, July 26, 2021. https://www.ctexplored.org/the-quarry-that-built-boston-and-new-york-city/.
Abbott, Alana Joli. “Walking in the Woods: Parker Memorial Park.” Branford, CT Patch. Patch, September 19, 2011. https://patch.com/connecticut/branford/walking-in-the-woods-parker-memorial-park.
“CTMQ's Town Guides.” CTMQ. Accessed August 1, 2021. https://www.ctmq.org/sleeping-giant/.
(2) "Still Working For America.” Living New Deal, July 1, 2019. https://livingnewdeal.org/.