Low-cost materials:

• Recycled polypropylene (outer ring): ~$0.06 per pound

• Ceramic foam (inner filtration core): ~$3 per pound

Total unit cost:

• < $10 per filter at prototype scale

Why it stays affordable:

• Uses widely available, low-cost materials

• Simple design keeps manufacturing and assembly costs minimal

Scalability potential:

• Mass production could reduce cost further through bulk material sourcing and streamlined fabrication

• Assuming the recycled polpropylene and ceramic foam are $600 per meter3 and $900 per meter3, respectively,

• The material cost per AquaFilter unit is approximately $3.60. Additional costs, such as manufacturing and transportation, will increase the final cost.