Nuclear Science

In 1933, due to Hitler's anti-Jewish laws, 25% of German physicists left. Many of whom would work in the Manhattan Project, such as James Franck and Hans Bethe. Many of these scientists would also be current or future Nobel Prize recipients such as Albert Einstein, James Franck, and Hans Bethe

In 1938, German scientists Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassman were first to discover that atoms split when bombarded by neutrons. Later, the Nazi Germans formed a special scientific unit with quantum physicists Werner Karl Heisenberg to create a nuclear atomic weapon.

The Manhattan Project was a top secret nuclear weapons development program by the US. This was in response to a letter by Albert Einstein urging the US to develop an atomic weapon before the Germans. Hans Bethe, James Franck, Rudolf Peierls, Dieter Gruen, and Klaus Fuchs were all German refugees who worked on the Manhattan Project.