Image Gallery

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) of multiciliated tracheal epithelial cells shows the presence of numerous centrioles (green, labeled with GFP-Centrin 2) surrounded by rings of the distal appendage protein CEP164 (red). CEP164 recruits a protein called Chibby that helps centrioles dock with the plasma membrane during ciliogenesis by promoting the formation of a membranous cap known as the ciliary vesicle. See Burke et al. 2014.

3D structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) of a cultured tracheal multiciliated cell stained for ciBAR1 (green) and cilia (red). See Li et al. 2016.

Localization of CEP164 (white) at the base of multicilia (red) in the efferent ducts of the male reproductive tract. Nuclei were visualized by DAPI (blue). See Hoque et al. 2021.

Confocal image of seminiferous tubules with differentiating spermatids stained for flagella (green, acetylated alpha-tubulin), acrosome (red, PNA lectin), and nuclei (blue, DAPI). The Cby3/ciBAR1 complex is essential for proper compartmentalization of the sperm flagellum. See Hoque et al. 2024.

Confocal image of differentiating spermatids in mouse testis stained for the acrosome (yellow, PNA lectin), flagella (green, acetylated alpha-tubulin), and nuclei (blue, DAPI). Credit: Mohammed Hoque, 2024.

Confocal microscopy image depicting major endocrine cell populations within an adult mouse pancreatic islet as visualized by immunofluorescence staining for alpha-cells (yellow, glucagon), delta-cells (red, somatostatin), beta-cells (cyan, insulin), and nuclei (blue, DAPI). See Kim et al. 2025.

Deconvoluted confocal micrograph of CEP164-deficient round spermatids stained with two distinct centrin antibodies to visualize centrioles (green and red), with nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue). Defective basal body docking leads to abnormal centriole clustering and infertility. See Chen et al. 2026.

Deconvoluted confocal image of CEP164-KO seminiferous tubules stained for centrioles (green), abnormally elongated manchettes (red), and nuclei (blue). Abnormal centriole clusters near the distal tips of manchettes in the lumen suggest their disposal in residual bodies. See Chen et al. 2026.

Illustration depicting the proposed role of the Cby1/ciBAR1 complex at the ciliary base. The complex is recruited to the distal appendages by CEP164, binds specific phosphoinositides within the invaginated ciliary membrane, and is proposed to promote or maintain membrane curvature. Blue crescents represent ciBAR1, orange bars represent Cby1, and purple spheres represent CEP164. Illustration by Eunice Kim, manually created using Blender.