Climate Change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and overall climate patterns on Earth. While climate can change naturally, recent changes are mainly caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes, which increase greenhouse gas emissions. These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.

• Fossil fuels combustion (coal, oil, and gas) for energy production releases large amounts of carbon dioxide

• Deforestation reduces the Earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide and releases stored carbon into the atmosphere

• Industrial activities produce emissions through manufacturing processes and energy use

• Agriculture generates greenhouse gases such as methane and nitrous oxide from livestock and farming practices.

Climate Change has wide-ranging impacts on both natural and human systems. It is causing a rise in global temperatures, leading to more frequent and intense extreme weather events such as heat waves, heavy rainfall, and flooding.

These changes also disrupt ecosystems by affecting biodiversity, altering species distribution, and damaging natural habitats. In addition, climate change poses serious risks to human society by increasing health problems, economic losses, and energy demand.

These impacts are further explored in more detail in the following sections on weather, ecosystems, and human society.