Physical Science Standards

MATTER AND ITS INTERACTIONS

MS-PS1.1. Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.

I CAN: Develop the historical perspective of atomic and molecular theory.

I CAN: Describe the organization of the Periodic Table including how each element is represented.

I CAN: Differentiate how all matter is composed of atoms, consisting of protons, neutrons and electrons.

I CAN: Model how molecules form based on the patterns in the periodic table.

I CAN: Compare and contrast covalent and ionic bonds.

I CAN: Summarize the accomplishments of a contributing scientist to this science domain.

MS-PS 1.2. Analyze and interpret data in the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine is a chemical reaction has occurred.

I CAN: Observe, describe and identify changes in properties based on chemical reactions.

MS-PS 1.3. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

I CAN: Evaluate the sustainability of a product through its life cycle.

I CAN: Trace the life cycle of a product made of synthetic materials beginning with natural resources.

MS-PS 1.4. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added.

I CAN: Compare and contrast the characteristics of particles in a solid, liquid, and gas.

I CAN: Demonstrate how particle behavior changes as thermal energy is added or removed.

I CAN: Recognize how a gain or loss of thermal energy causes a physical change in state.

I CAN: Investigate fluid (air and/or liquid) pressure in terms of speed and temperature.

I CAN: Distinguish between the common use of the term heat and the scientific application of that term.

MOTIONS AND STABILITY: FORCES AND INTERACTIONS

MS-PS.2.1. Apply Newton’s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding object.

I CAN: Articulate Newton’s First and Third Law and provide examples of each.

I CAN: Design a solution to a problem to demonstrate the varying responses of two colliding objects.

I CAN: Summarize the accomplishments of a contributing scientist to this science domain.

MS-PS.2.2. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

I CAN: Articulate Newton’s Second Law of Motion and provide examples.

I CAN: Investigate the motion of objects and collect and analyze to explain changes in motion in terms of unbalanced forces.

MS-PS.2.3. Ask questions about data to determine the factors that affect magnetic forces.

I CAN: Describe how magnetic field strength changes with distance.

I CAN: Develop a testable question and design an experiment to determine factors that can influence the strength of electromagnetic forces.

MS-PS.2.4. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.

I CAN: Collect data (examples could include simulations, digital tools, or charts) related to strength of interactions, distance from the Sun, or orbital periods of objects in the solar system.

I CAN: Construct and defend argument on gravitational forces using data collected.

MS-PS.2.5. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

I CAN: Design an experiment using a magnet or a compass to demonstrate magnetic fields.

I CAN: Apply an understanding of magnetic fields in an experiment to magnetic field in outer space.

ENERGY

MS-PS.3.1. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object.

I CAN: Conduct an experiment and display collected data to show the relationship between mass, energy, and speed.

MS-PS.3.2. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.

I CAN: Describe the different types of potential energy.

I CAN: Develop a model to explain the relationship between:

- distance and gravitational potential energy, for example a roller coaster at varying position on a hill or objects at varying heights on shelves.

- distance and magnetic potential energy, for example changing the direction/orientation of a magnet.

- distance and electrical potential energy, for example a balloon with static electric charge brought closer to a classmate’s hair.

MS-PS.3.3. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.

I CAN: Design and test a device that supports a prediction of the insulating properties of materials.

MS-PS.3.4. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

I CAN: Plan an investigation that compares initial and final temperatures of an isolated variable:

- same mass of different materials.

- different masses of the same material.

- same mass of same material in different environments.

MS-PS.3.5. Construct, use, and present arguments to support the claim that when the kinetic energy of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.

I CAN: Recognize that energy is not lost, but changes forms.

I CAN: Develop an explanation of how kinetic energy is transferred based on an experiment in which objects move

I CAN: Trace the changes in forms and types of energy in a closed system, for example a swinging pendulum, spring, rubber band, or bow and arrow.

WAVES

MS-PS.4.1. Use mathematical representations to describe a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave.

I CAN: Explain that waves have wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.

MS-PS.4.2. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.

I CAN: Differentiate between three types of waves (longitudinal, compressional, and transverse).

I CAN: Observe and demonstrate that sound is affected by the matter through which it travels.

I CAN: Describe how sound travels in waves.

I CAN: Identify visible light as one component of the electromagnetic spectrum.

I CAN: Model how light interacts with matter by transmission, absorption or reflection.

I CAN: Investigate the reflection of light with mirrors and refraction of light with lenses.

MS-PS.4.3. Integrate qualitative scientific and technical information to support the claim that digitized signals are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information than analog signals.

I CAN: Identify the differences between analog and digital signals.

I CAN: Provide evidence to explain why a digital device is more reliable than an analog device.