The Reticular Activating System: The Reticular Activating System is a group of neurons located in the brain stem that awakens the parts of the brain, primarily the Thalamus. This stimulation results in the person becoming more alert, allowing for better focus.

The Temporal, Occipital, and Parietal Lobes: These lobes of the brain are responsible for orientation and recognition. They are especially important in early learning as they are responsible for the learning of colors and shapes. They are also responsible for processing sounds and images. Overall, these areas are important to identifying stimulation from all the different senses.

The Cerebellum: The cerebellum fine-tunes our thought and our senses allowing us to enlarge our cognitive radius in other parts of our brain. It also allows for movement throughout our bodies and helps to remember often used movements such as speaking.

The Thalamus: The Thalamus takes in information received by the brain, it then encodes this information, the process in which information is transformed to a state so that it may be stored within the brain, and is consolidated, which is when short-term memories are changed into long-term memories. The type of long-term memory that is important to learning is the declarative memory because it contains facts. These process take place so that the brain may form and retain memories and process different cognitive functions.

The Hippocampus and the Amygdala: Before memories are stored they are enhanced in the amygdala. Here they may be attached to an emotion or an important image. Due to the amygdala playing an important role in emotion, if a student doesn't feel emotionally secure their ability to recall the curriculum may be hindered. The hippocampus is where long-term memories form an engram, which is the biochemical change in tissue that signifies a memory. When they are stored, causing you to learn something new, your brain may form a new nerve synapse, this is further explained in the next section.

Neuroplasticity is the brains ability to continually form new neuro circuits on the basis of input. Meaning, that as we learn new things, our brains restructure and form new nerve synapses that allow us to recall a certain fact or event. It is estimated that at complete capacity our brain can form one quadrillion synaptic connection. We are able to maintain them due to a quality called neurogenesis. This means that we are capable of creating and healing neurons in our hippocampus; therefore, we can continue to maintain and form synaptic connections as we grow. However, it is estimated that around the age of 8 the average brain has reached its capacity regarding nerve synapses, causing us to replace older memories as we grow older. (Sousa 5) ("Educational Psychology")