Baluran National Park has a relatively dry climate and mainly consists of savanna 40%, as well as lowland forests, mangrove forests and hills, with Mount Baluran 1,247m as its highest peak. Situated at the north-eastern extremity of Java, close to the islands of Bali and Madura. The park is bordered by the Madura Strait to the north, the Bali Strait to the east, the river Bajulmati - Wonorejo village to the west and the river Klokoran - Sumberanyar village to the south. The park is a rough circle, with the extinct volcano, Baluran, at its centre. Its total area is 25,000 ha. It consists of five zones: the Main Zone 12,000 ha, the Wilderness Zone 5,537 ha, comprising 1,063 ha water and 4,574 ha land), the Intensive Utilization Zone (800 ha), the Specific Utilization Zone 5,780 ha and the Rehabilitation Zone 783 ha.

There have been 444 species of plant recorded in the park, including some endangered plant species, such as: Ziziphus rotundifolia, Tamarindus indica,Dioscorea hispida, Aleurites moluccana and Corypha utan. The park is host to 26 species of mammals, including the endangered Banteng,Dhole, Indian muntjac, Java mouse-deer, Fishing cat, Leopard and Javan lutung. The Banteng population decreased from 338 in 1996 to just 26 in 2012.

This page updated 2025

Bird species in the park include the Green Peafowl, Red Jungle fowl, Malabar Pied Hornbill, Rhinoceros Hornbill and Lesser Adjutant. Until 2010 there have been 155 species of bird recorded in the park, but following a bird photography competition in 2012, the number of species has been revised to 196.The area has been protected since 1928, first initiated by the Dutch hunter A.H. Loedeboer. In 1937 it was declared a wildlife refuge by the Dutch colonial government. In 1980 it has been declared as national park. Poaching poses a major threat to the wildlife in the park, especially to the decreasing Banteng population. According to Pro Fauna Indonesia, not only locals but also members of the military have been involved in poaching.