3. Sources



How to access, evaluate, and use 

good sources

Concepts:

Strategies that apply to print and digital sources:

1. Source: Anything and everything used for information, ideas, and images.

 

2. Format: The particular type/kind of source such as print materials including books, references, and non-print materials such as Web sites, blogs, wikis (with caution), and online references such as dictionaries, encyclopedias, maps These are the three minimum types of sources essential to research.

3. Citing sources using a style such as MLA gives credit to the author and prevents plagiarism.  Plagiarism is outright theft of information, ideas, and images. Attributing sources through Creative Commons is also acceptable for giving credit. Use citation information to reference your sources in your notes, which is carried over to your writing using endnotes/footnotes. Create a Works Cited list either handwritten or electronically as you go.

 

4. Evaluating sources prepares students with lifelong skills. Expand general evaluation skills with print and non-print skills. Here is a sample rubric for evaluating Web sites.

5. Rule of three: Triangulate means accessing a minimum of three formats (types) of information, which is essential for good research. This should include both print and non-print materials.

6. Primary and secondary sources: Know the difference and use as best fits your topic and project requirements.

7. To avoid theft of information, ideas, and images in both print and digital sources, understand copyright (easy for students) and general copyright, Fair Use, Creative Commons, and public domain.  

8. Sourcing (video) means to establish the validity of a source using the 5 W's: Who created it, What is its meaning, When was it created, Where was it created, Why/How was it created? Also see the video below on "sourcing." Create a SHEG account and download posters on "Sourcing," "Contextualization," "Close Reading," and "Corroboration."   

                                     The Information Cycle

                   

                     Formats = types of sources.

          Non-fiction book, reference, Web site.

⭐NEW: Print to Digital Skills⭐

Teachers: Sources 

Student Hyperdoc 

Library (Print) tasks and skills:

Refer to the "Sources" section of your research "Checklist."

                                           Mrs. Lodges Library  

 

⭐Connection with Digital Citizenship: 

          1) (Unit 2.2.b) Misusing sources: View this YouTube video to see how cutting and pasting from different sources is plagiarism:

              "Plagiarism: Cutting and Pasting from Several Sources."  

          2) (Unit 2.2.b) List your sources with Works Cited: "Safe Writing and You!"  

          3) Give credit to sources: Learn the difference between citing a sources with a style such as MLA or attributing a source through Creative Commons

               -(Unit 2.2.c) Citations: "Citation: A (Very) Brief Introduction."   

                -(Unit 1.3.b) Creative Commons: "Creative Commons License and how it helps us share digital content"   

          4) (Unit 2.2.d) Choose online sources carefully: View this YouTube video to see how a school librarian can help, "Evaluating Websites"

Digital (Non-Print) strategies and skills:

Video:  "Teaching Web Research"   

                        • Learn how to use Boolean operators, and more online search skills. 

                        • Learn skills for using specialized search engines. 

                          Read: "Using Search Engines to Find Information on the Web."  

                        • Learn effective Internet skills: "How to Search the Internet More Effectively"  

                            • "How to Evaluate Websites" by Barbara Thompson 

                            • "Web Search Strategies for Research"  Matt Cutts video  

                            • "Smart Web Search Strategies"   PierceCollegeLibraries video

                            • Five basic "Search Strategies"   Evans Library video  

                            • Search strategies for databases    VCU Libraries video  

Bloom's Taxonomy and Web 2.0 tools by Samatha Penny

Anecdote: How are sources like M&Ms?

        You need to locate a variety of print and non-print sources of information. Print sources include books, many kinds of references, journals and periodicals. Non-print sources include Web sites, online databases, eBooks, digital images and videos. These are all very different, like the different colors of M&Ms. But they are all sources.

https://nuts.com/chocolatessweets/old-time-candy/m-m/original.html

"Sources" resources, including CCSS Depth of Knowledge (DoK) strategies:

Student handouts

PowerPoints

Videos

Evaluate Websites

How to Spot a Fake Website

Primary and Secondary Sources

 

Primary Sources: for secondary

 

"Sourcing" your sources

 

Why and How to Cite Sources

 

"What to Cite"

Citing words vs. ideas

Citing Sources Using MLA

In-text citations

Plagiarism

Creative Commons

Copyright

Copyright and Fair Use

Evaluate Sources

Finding sources: Dewey Decimal System

 

Finding sources: Dewey Rap

                                                                                                

                                                   Source parts: Informational texts (nonfiction)

                                                                   The scoop on Wikipedia

Images and Plagiarism

Google and public domain images: Prevent plagiarism

Other sources resources:

See Deb Stanley's "Hot Tech Tools"

Apps, Web sites, add-ons, or extensions 

Image from "Word Bibliographies and InstaGrok Research" by South Atlanta High School

 

 

      2. Use Destiny's WebPath Express, OneSearch, and Universal Search for a variety of educationally filtered sources.

 

 

 

Common Core State Standards (CCSS)

Works Cited

Created by Deborah B. Stanley using Google sites. Copyright 2017.