Teaching

Physics for Engineers

UG, Core - 02 Credits

Aim of the course: To understand the concepts of optics, quantum mechanics and solid state physics and to apply them in understanding common and advanced engineering applications along with the associated natural phenomenon. The purpose of the course is also to promote scientific temper and self-learning capability of the student.

Course Overview and Context: Physics for Engineers is a compulsory first semester course for all the branches of Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.). The emphasis of the course is on developing a clear understanding of the underlying principles and their application for real time problem solving. A laboratory physics course is embedded with the regular course.

Topics of the Course:

UNIT-I ENGINEERING OPTICS: Basics of Interference, Diffraction and Polarization. Lasers and characteristics, Einstein’s coefficients , He-Ne laser, semiconductor lasers, Applications of Lasers, Optical fibres; Numerical aperture, Classification of optical fibres, fibre losses, fibre manufacturing, Applications of optical fibre in industry and communication.

UNIT-II QUANTUM MECHANICS: Basics of quantum mechanics, De-Broglie’s hypothesis, Uncertainty principle, Probability and Wave function, Postulates of quantum mechanics, Time dependent and Time-independent Schrodinger wave equation, Particle in a box.

UNIT-III SOLID STATE PHYSICS: Space Lattice, unit cell and translation vectors; Miller indices, Simple and close-packed crystal structures with examples, Origin of energy bands, Kronig Penney Model (qualitative), E-K diagram, Brillouin Zones, Concept of effective mass and holes, Classification into metals, Semiconductors and insulators, Liquid crystals, Hall effect

Course Outcomes: On the completion of the course the students will

• CO1: Understand basic concepts of wave optics, laser phenomena, optical fiber, quantum mechanics, solid state physics and band theory of solids

• CO2: Apply Schrödinger wave equation to find solutions for a particle in 1D box and solve problems, concept of Hall effect to identify the type of extrinsic semiconductor

• CO3: Analyze interference and diffraction pattern to determine wavelength(s) of light; polarization data to find purity of sugar

Learning Resources:

Text Book

1. Optics, 3rd edition, by Ajoy Ghatak, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, ISBN: 0070585830, 9780070585836.

2. Concepts of Modern Physics, 6th edition, by Arthur Beiser, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, ISBN: 0070151555, 9780070151550.

3. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edition, by David J. Griffiths, Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 1107179866, 9781107179868.

4. Solid State Physics, 6th edition, by S. O. Pillai, New Age International, ISBN: 8122416829, 9788122416824.

5. Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th edition, by Charles Kittel, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 8126510455, 9788126510450.

Reference books

6. University Physics with Modern Physics, 13th Edition, by Sears and Zemansky, Addison - Wesley is an imprint of PEARSON, ISBN : 9788131790274

7. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 7th edition : John W. Jewett, Jr. and Raymond A. Serway, Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 978-81-315-1404-7

8. Introduction to Physics, 9th Edition : John D. Cuttnell, and Kenneth W. Johnson, Wiley. ISBN: 978-81-265-5188-0

9. Principles of Physics, 10th Edition : Jearl Walker, David Halliday, and Robert Resnick, Wiley. ISBN: 978-81-265-5256-6

10. Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Applications, 2nd edition, by Nouredine Zettili, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 0470026782, 9780470026786.

Online Learning Resources

Instructor(s) will post on MAITRI@BMU additional resources like animations, simulations, etc., available on the web and related to the topics studied or learned in a week.

11. http://oyc.yale.edu/physics/phys-201

12. http://phet.colorado.edu/

13. http://www.myphysicslab.com/

1. http://www.physicsclassroom.com/

Quantum Matter & Technologies

UG, Elective - 03 Credits

Aim of the course

The aim of the course is to introduce basic concepts of quantum physics and related principles of quantum computing. For hands-on learning, students will receive opportunities to write a program for IBM quantum experience platform and perform experiments, projects, group activities and interact with field experts in India and abroad.

Topics of the Course

• Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics

Particles and Waves, Uncertainty Principle, Wavefunction, Superposition Principle, Schrodinger Equation, Quantum Tunneling, Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) Paradox, Bell’s Inequality, Quantum Entanglement, Quantum Decoherance

• Quantum Matter, Devices and Measurement Technologies

Optical Quantum Devices, Superconductors, Josephson junctions, Spintronic Devices, Measurements and Sensing using Quantum Devices (Quantum Hall Effects, STM, SQUID etc.), Topological Insulators and Braiding, Ion-traps based Quantum Devices,

• Quantum Information Processing and Computing Technologies

Qubits, Bloch Sphere, Single and Multiple Qubit Systems, Quantum Logic Gates (X, Y, Z, H, CNOT etc), Basic architecture quantum computing, Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Encryption, Quantum Errors and Corrections

• Programming a Quantum Computer

Textbook(s):

1. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 2017

2. Eleanor G. Rieffel and Wolfgang H. Polak, Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction, Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press\

3. Jack D. Hidary, Quantum Computing: An Applied Approach, Springer

Online Resources:

IBM Quantum Experience: https://quantum-computing.ibm.com/

1. https://www.coursera.org/learn/physical-basis-quantum-computing

2. https://www.coursera.org/learn/quantum-computing-algorithms

3. https://www.edx.org/course/applications-of-quantum-mechanics

4. https://www.edx.org/course/hardware-of-quantum-computer

Nanoelectronics

UG, Elective - 03 Credits

Aim of the course:

To ready students for emerging trends by introducing them to the fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Mechanics required to understand the required concepts applied in micro & nano-electronics.

Course Overview and Context:

Introducing students to the fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Mechanics required to understand like particle in a Box (Fermi Wavelength and the relation with Quantum Wells/wires/dots etc.), Density of States and the emergence of Classical & Quantum statistics from different Counting principles (with focus on Fermi-Dirac Statistics, Fermi energy/wavelength etc. applicable to electrons in Metals, semiconductors etc.), the band theory of solids (especially Semiconductors and how the concept migrates to organic molecules), Transmission/Reflection and Tunneling at Potential barriers, Tunneling and its applications (STM, Leakage currents in MOSFETS, Resonant Barrier Tunneling/Diode, Super lattices,, nano-Scale contacts etc.), Coulomb Blockade and its significance in single-electron transistors, Nanowires, Ballistic and Spin Transport.

Topics of the Course:

· Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics

· Particle in a Box

· Transmission/Reflection and Tunneling at Potential barriers

· Fundamentals of Statistical Mechanics

· Density of States and the emergence of Classical & Quantum statistics from different

· Counting principles

· The band theory of solids

· Tunneling and its applications

· Coulomb Blockade and its significance in single-electron transistors

· Nanowires, Ballistic and Spin Transport.

Course Outcomes

CO1: Understand basic concepts of quantum mechanics and statistical physics

CO2: Apply the quantum mechanics and statistical physics to drive various transport properties of various nanosystems such as quantum dots, nanowires graphene, carbon nanotubes and organic semiconductors.

CO3: Analyze, compare and select various materials based on structure-property correlations for nanoelectronic devices.

Learning Resources:

Text Book

1. George W Hanson, “Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics”, Pearson

Reference books

1. Introduction to Modern Physics – Richtmeyer, Kennard, Cooper (TMH)

2. Concepts of Modern Physics- Arthur Beiser, (TMH)

Online Learning Resources

1. https://www.edx.org/course/fundamentals-of-nanoelectronics-part-b-quantum-tra

2. https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-to-quantum-transport

3. https://www.coursera.org/learn/nanotechnology1

4. https://www.coursera.org/learn/nanotechnology2

5. https://www.coursera.org/learn/nanotechnology

Solar Energy

UG, Elective - 03 Credits

Aim of the Course

The aim of the course is to introduce basic concepts of solar energy and related technologies. In order to foster research culture and experiential learning, students will receive opportunities to work in the university Center for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD).

Topics of the Course

· Introduction to Solar Energy

Solar Radiation, History of Solar Energy, Current Status and Prospects of Solar Energy, Photovoltaic Technologies, Economics and environmental considerations

· Fundamental of Photovoltaics (PV)

Transport Properties of Semiconductors, Semiconductor bandstructure, Direct and Indirect Bandgap Semiconductors, Semiconductor Junctions, Light Absorption in a Semiconductors, Generation and Recombination of Charge Carriers, Excitons, Shockley-Quiesser limit

· Solar Cell Operation and Performance Characteristics

Working principle of solar cell, short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, Fill-factor, conversion efficiency, quantum efficiency, basic solar cell equations and equivalent circuit, measurement of solar cell parameters and efficiency

Crystalline Silicon and Thin Films Solar Cells

Properties of crystalline silicon, manufacturing of crystalline silicon wafers, Hetero-junction solar cell, Design of solar cell and different PV modules. Properties of thin film, Fabrication of amorphous, microcrystalline and nanocrystalline solar cells using thin film technologies, Design of thin film solar cells, chalcogenide solar cells, fabrication of CIGS and CdTe solar cells, organic and hybrid solar cells

· Third generation concepts and storage in PV technologies

Multi-junction solar cells, intermediate band gap layer, multi-excitons and hot carriers, harvesting of solar-thermal energy, concentrated solar power, solar fuels, solar water-splitting

CAMD Laboratory Demonstration and Experiments

Learning Resources

Textbook

Alexandre Freundlich, Angèle H. Reinders, Pierre Verlinden, and Wilfried van Sark, Photovoltaic Solar Energy: From Fundamentals to Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 2017

Nelson Jenny, Physics of Solar Cells, World Scientific

Martin A. Green – Third Generation Photovoltaics: Advanced Solar Energy Conversion, Springer

Peter Würfel, Uli Würfel, Physics of Solar Cells: From Basic Principles to Advanced Concepts, Wiley

Garg & Prakash, H. P. Garg, Solar Energy: Fundamentals and Applications, Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Online

Emerging Materials Science & Applications

UG, Core - 03 Credits

Aim of the Course

The aim of the course is to introduce basic concepts of materials science, materials characterization, and processing. Applications of emerging materials across various domains of science and engineering will be explored. In order to foster research culture and experiential learning, students will receive opportunities to work in the university CAMD laboratory facility.

Topics of the Course

1) Introduction on Emerging Materials and Applications

2) Crystal Structure

3) Classification of Solids

4) Characterization Methods: Brief introduction to working principles and applications

5) Processing Methods

6) Applications

Learning Resources

1. Textbook

Callister, WD and Rethwisch, DG, Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, Wiley.

2. Reference Books

(a) Cullity, BD, Stock, SR, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, Pearson.

(b) Goodhew, PJ, Binland, R, Electron Microscopy and Analysis.

(d) Ohring, M, Materials Science of Thin-films, Academic Press

3. Internet Links (annotated): Following are the online available resources:

Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering, https://swayam.gov.in/nd1_noc20_mm03/preview

4. NPTEL course

Nature and Properties of Materials – An Introductory Course: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/122102008/#

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