How should we differentiate between "normality" and "disorder?" We should consider behaviors that are:
** deviant
** distressful
** dysfunctional
What perspectives help us to understand psychological disorders?
** medical model --- assumes they are mental illnesses that can be diagnosed and cured with therapy (sometimes in a hospital)
** biopsychosocial model --- suggests that disordered behavior, like other behavior, arises from genetic predispositions and physiological states: inner psychological dynamics and socio-cultural circumstances
How and why are the psych disorders classified?
** DSM-IV - TR- provides a common language for mental health professionals
ANXIETY DISORDERS
** anxiety is only classified as a disorder when our methods of coping become maladaptive
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Panic Disorders
Phobias
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER
** conditions in which conscious awareness seems to become separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
** DID (dissociative identity disorder), also known as MPD (multiple personality disorder)
MOOD DISORDERS
** characterized by emotional extremes
Major Depressive Disorder
Bipolar Disorder
Mania
SCHIZOPHRENIA
** symptoms are disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
** enduring, maladaptive patterns of behavior that impair social functioning
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
** also referred to as childhood disorders; are typically diagnosed during infancy, childhood, or adolescence
Mental Retardation
Autism
ADHD
Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder