Two-dimensional crystals

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, whose structure is one-atom-thick planar sheets of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. The term graphene was coined as a combination of graphite and the suffix -ene by Hanns-Peter Boehm, who described single-layer carbon foils in 1962. Graphene is most easily visualized as an atomic-scale chicken wire made of carbon atoms and their bonds. The crystalline form of graphite consists of many graphene sheets stacked together. Since its discovery, many other two-dimensional materials have appeared, including, to name a few, transition metal dichalcogenides, phosphorene, antimonene, magnetic CrI3, etc.

Some representative publications:

• Franckeite as an exfoliable naturally occurring Topological Insulator, WS Paz, MG Menezes, NN Batista, G Sanchez-Santolino, M Velicky, ... Nano Letters 21, 7781-7788 (2022).

• Exfoliation of Alpha‐Germanium: A Covalent Diamond‐Like Structure, C Gibaja, D Rodríguez‐San‐Miguel, WS Paz, I Torres, E Salagre, ... Advanced Materials 33 (10), 2006826 (2022).

• Few-layer antimonene electrical properties, P Ares, S Pakdel, I Palacio, WS Paz, M Rassekh, ...Applied Materials Today 24, 101132 (2021).

• Franckeite: a naturally occurring van der Waals heterostructure, AJ Molina-Mendoza, E Giovanelli, WS Paz, MA Niño, JO Island, ... Nature Communications 8, 14409 (2017).

• Isolation and characterization of few-layer black phosphorus, A Castellanos-Gomez, L Vicarelli, E Prada, JO Island, ... 2D Materials 1, 025001, (2014)

• Hydrogenation-induced ferromagnetism on graphite surfaces, M Moaied, JV Alvarez, JJ Palacios, Physical Review B 90, 115441 (2014)

• Magnetism-Dependent Transport Phenomena in Hydrogenated Graphene: From Spin-Splitting to Localization Effects, Leconte, N.; Soriano, D.; Roche, S.; Charlier, J. C.; Ordejón, P.; Palacios, J. J., Acs Nano 5, 3987 (2011)

• Origin of the quasiuniversality of the minimal conductivity of graphene, Palacios, J. J., Physical Review B 82, (2010).

• Giant Magnetoresistance in Ultrasmall Graphene Based Devices, Muñoz-Rojas, F.; Fernández-Rossier, J.; Palacios, J. J., Physical Review Letters 102, (2009)