historical periods
Major political/military empires relevant to Bible and beyond
3,100–2,260 BCE Egypt (Old Kingdom/Pyramids)
1,552–1,069 BCE Egypt (New Kingdom)
800–600 BCE Assyrian
625–539 BCE Neo-Babylonian
559–332 BCE Persian
332–63 BCE Hellenistic/Greek (Seleucids, Ptolemies)
63 BCE–324 CE Roman
324–640 CE Byzantine
640–1,099 CE Early Islamic Period