Your robot is controlled by a "microcontroller" this is just a small computer. The microcontroller we are using is called an Arduino. The Arduino is an "open source" hardware device (open source just means that anybody can copy the circuit and use it to develop NEW projects). The Arduino has stimulated a revival in hobby electronics and can be used to create just about anything....you are literally limited only by your imagination!!! The Arduino is programmed via a USB cable from a computer running a piece of software called an IDE (Integrated Development Environment). The IDE is used to write software "sketches" which are like thoughts that tell your robot what to do. Click the link below to find out more about ARDUINO
https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/what-is-an-arduino
What is Arduino??? See the videos below!!!