65. Hackel J, Razafimanantsoa AHI, Porcher V, Pirie MD (2025) Heathers (Erica, Ericaceae) of Madagascar: taxonomy, evolution, ecology and uses. PhytoKeys 256: 91–118. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.256.141375
64. Hoekstra RD, Musker SD, Pirie MD, Vlok JHJ (2025) An integrative approach to alpha taxonomy in Erica L. (Ericaceae) with three new species from the Western Cape, South Africa. PhytoKeys 257: 95–117. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.257.139457
63. Musker, S.D., Nürk, N.M., & Pirie, M.D. (2025) Maximising informativeness for target capture-based phylogenomics in Erica (Ericaceae). PhytoKeys 251: 87–118. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.251.136373
62. Elliott AC, Bester SP, Klopper RR, Nelson EC, Pirie MD (2024) Curating an online checklist for Erica L. (Ericaceae): contributing to and supporting global conservation through the World Flora Online. PhytoKeys 243: 121–135. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.243.121555
61. Gehrke B, Pirie MD (2024) 11 Plants in a world of changing seasons. In: Bremer S, Wardekker A (Eds), Changing Seasonality: How Communities Are Revising Their Seasons. De Gruyter, 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111245591-011
60. Musker SD, Pirie MD, Nürk NM (2024) Pollinator shifts despite hybridisation in the Cape’s hyperdiverse heathers ( Erica , Ericaceae). Molecular Ecology: e17505. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17505
59. Nelson EC, Pirie MD, Bellstedt DU (2024) Redefining the megagenus Erica L. (Ericaceae): the contributions of E. G. H. Oliver and I. M. Oliver (née Nitzsche) to taxonomy and nomenclature. PhytoKeys 244: 39–55. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.244.121705
58. Oliver EGH, Forshaw N, Oliver IM, Volk F, Schumann AWS, Dorr LJ, Hoekstra RD, Musker SD, Nürk NM, Pirie MD, Rebelo AG (2024) Genus Erica: An identification aid version 4.00. PhytoKeys 241: 143–154. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.241.117604
57. Pirie MD, Bellstedt DU, Bouman RW, Fagúndez J, Gehrke B, Kandziora M, Maitre NCL, Musker SD, Newman E, Nürk NM, Oliver EGH, Pipins S, Niet T van der, Forest F (2024) Spatial decoupling of taxon richness, phylogenetic diversity and threat status in the megagenus Erica (Ericaceae). PhytoKeys 244: 127–150. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.244.124565
56. Nelson EC, Oliver EGH, Pirie MD (2023) Erica L. (Ericaceae): homonyms amongst published names for African species and proposed replacement names. PhytoKeys 236: 157–178. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.236.110498
55. Akinlabi FM, Pirie MD, Oskolski AA (2023) Fire, frost, and drought constrain the structural diversity of wood within southern African Erica (Ericaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 203: 370–389. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boad033
54. Strijk, J.S., Hinsinger, D.D., Roeder, M.M., Chatrou, L.W., Couvreur, T.L.P., Erkens, R.H.J., Sauquet, H., Pirie, M.D., Thomas, D.C., & Cao, K. 2022. The Soursop Genome (Annona muricata L., Annonaceae). Pp. 149–174 in: M.A. Chapman (ed.), Underutilised Crop Genomes. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00848-1_9
53. Kandziora, M., Gehrke, B., Popp, M., Gizaw, A., Brochmann, C., & Pirie, M.D. 2022. The enigmatic tropical alpine flora on the African sky islands is young, disturbed, and unsaturated. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119: e2112737119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2112737119
52. Pirie, M.D., Blackhall-Miles, R., Bourke, G., Crowley, D., Ebrahim, I., Forest, F., Knaack, M., Koopman, R., Lansdowne, A., Nürk, N.M., Osborne, J., Pearce, T.R., Rohrauer, D., Smit, M., & Wilman, V. 2022. Preventing species extinctions: A global conservation consortium for Erica. PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET n/a. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10266
51. Nelson, E.C., & Pirie, M. 2022. Where have all the heathers gone? Sibbaldia: The International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture. https://doi.org/10.24823/Sibbaldia.2022.1887
50. Brochmann, C., Gizaw, A., Chala, D., Kandziora, M., Eilu, G., Popp, M., Pirie, M.D., & Gehrke, B. 2021. History and evolution of the afroalpine flora: in the footsteps of Olov Hedberg. Alp Botany. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-021-00256-9
49. Strijk, J.S., Hinsinger, D.D., Roeder, M.M., Chatrou, L.W., Couvreur, T.L.P., Erkens, R.H.J., Sauquet, H., Pirie, M.D., Thomas, D.C., & Cao, K. 2021. Chromosome‐level reference genome of the soursop (Annona muricata): a new resource for Magnoliid research and tropical pomology. Molecular Ecology Resources 1755–0998.13353. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13353
48. Nürk, N. M., Linder, H. P., Onstein, R. E., Larcombe, M. J., Hughes, C. E., Piñeiro Fernández, L., Schlüter, P. M., Valente, L., Beierkuhnlein, C., Cutts, V., Donoghue, M. J., Edwards, E. J., Field, R., Flantua, S. G. A., Higgins, S. I., Jentsch, A., Liede-Schumann, S., & Pirie, M. D. 2020. Diversification in evolutionary arenas-Assessment and synthesis. Ecol. Evol., 636803. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6313
47. Le Maitre, N. C., Pirie, M. D., & Bellstedt, D.U. 2019. Floral colour, anthocyanin synthesis gene expression and control in Cape Erica species. Frontiers in Plant Science. 28 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01565
46. Le Maitre, N. C., Pirie, M. D., & Bellstedt, D. U. 2019. An approach to determining anthocyanin synthesis enzyme gene expression in an evolutionary context: an example from Erica plukenetii. Ann. Bot. 124 (1), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz046
45. Pirie, M. D., Kandziora, M., Nürk, N. M., Le Maitre, N. C., Mugrabi de Kuppler, A. L., Gehrke, B., Oliver, E. G. H., & Bellstedt, D. U. 2019. Leaps and bounds: geographical and ecological distance constrained the colonisation of the Afrotemperate by Erica. BMC Evol. Biol. 19: 222 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1545-6
**Peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology (Meseguer 2018)**
44. Pirie, M. D., Maas, P. J. M., & Chatrou, L. W. 2018. A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species. PhytoKeys 112: 1-141. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897
43. Pirie, M. D., Maas, P. J. M., Wilschut, R., Melchers-Sharrott, H., & Chatrou, L. 2018. Parallel diversifications of Cremastosperma and Mosannona (Annonaceae), tropical rainforest trees tracking Neogene upheaval of the South American continent. R Soc Open Sci., 5(1): 171561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171561
**Also peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology (Sauquet 2017)**
42. Kadlec, M., Bellstedt, D. U., Le Maitre, N. C., & Pirie, M. D. 2017. Targeted NGS for species level phylogenomics: ‘made to measure’ or ‘one size fits all’? PeerJ, 5: e3569. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3569
41. Pirie, M. D., Oliver, E. G. H., Gehrke, B., Heringer, L., Mugrabi de Kuppler, A., Le Maitre, N. C., & Bellstedt, D. U. 2017. Underestimated regional species diversity in the Cape Floristic Region revealed by phylogenetic analysis of the Erica abietina/E. viscaria clade (Ericaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 184: 185–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/box021
40. Gehrke, B., Kandziora, M., & Pirie, M.D. (2016). The evolution of dwarf shrubs in alpine environments: a case study of Alchemilla in Africa. Ann. Bot. 117, 121-131 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcv159
39. Kadereit, J.W., Albach, D.C., Ehrendorfer, F., Galbany-Casals, M., Garcia-Jacas, N., Gehrke, B., Kadereit, G., Kilian, N., Klein, J.T., Koch, M.A., Kropf, M., Oberprieler, C., Pirie, M.D., Ritz, C.M., Röser, M., Spalik, K., Susanna, A., Weigend, M., Welk, E., Wesche, K., Zhang, L.-B. & Dillenberger, M.S. (2016) Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German flora monophyletic? Willdenowia, 46, 39-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.46.46105
38. Lauterbach, M., van der Merwe, P.d.W., Keßler, L., Pirie, M.D., Bellstedt, D.U. & Kadereit, G. (2016) Evolution of leaf anatomy in arid environments–a case study in southern African Tetraena and Roepera (Zygophyllaceae). Molec. Phylogenet. Evol., 97, 129-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.01.002
37. Pirie, M.D., Oliver, E.G.H., Mugrabi de Kuppler, A., Gehrke, B., Le Maitre, N.C., Kandziora, M., & Bellstedt, D.U. (2016). The biodiversity hotspot as evolutionary hot-bed: spectacular radiation of Erica in the Cape Floristic Region. BMC Evol. Biol. 16, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0764-3
36. Maree, H.J., Pirie, M.D., Oosthuizen, K., Bester, R., Rees, D.J.G., Burger, J.T. (2015). Phylogenomic analysis reveals deep divergence and recombination in an economically important grapevine virus. PLoS ONE 10:e0126819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126819
35. Mugrabi de Kuppler, A.L., Fagúndez, J., Bellstedt, D.U., Oliver, E.G.H., Léon, J. & Pirie, M.D. (2015) Testing reticulate versus coalescent origins of Erica lusitanica using a species phylogeny of the northern heathers (Ericeae, Ericaceae). Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 88, 121-131 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.04.005
34. Pirie, M. D. (2015). Phylogenies from concatenated data: Is the end nigh? Taxon 64 (3), 421-423 http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/643.1
33. Pirie, M. D., Litsios, G., Bellstedt, D.U., Salamin, N. & Kissling, J. (2015). Back to Gondwanaland: Can ancient vicariance explain (some) Indian Ocean disjunct plant distributions? Biol. Lett. 11 (6), 20150086 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0086
32. Chatrou, L.W., Pirie, M.D., Reiner, H. & Maas, P.J.M. (2014). Annonaceae. pp 220-228 in Cat. Pl. Vasc. Bolivia, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 127 (eds. P.M. Jørgensen, M.H. Nee & S.G. Beck), Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis URL
31. Chatrou, L.W., Pirie, M. D., van Velzen, R., & Bakker, F. T. (2014). Annonaceae substitution rates: a codon model perspective. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 36 (SPE1), 108-117 URL
30. Kadereit, G., Lauterbach, M., Pirie, M. D., Arafeh, R., Freitag, H. (2014). When do different C4 leaf anatomies indicate independent C4 origins? Parallel evolution of C4 leaf types in Camphorosmeae (Chenopodiaceae). J. Ex. Bot., eru169 URL
29. Van der Niet, T., Pirie, M. D., Shuttleworth, A., Johnson, S. D. & Midgley J. J. (2014). Do pollinator distributions underlie the evolution of pollination ecotypes in the Cape shrub Erica plukenetii? Ann. Bot. 113, 301-316 URL
28. de Villiers, M. J., Pirie, M. D., Hughes, M., Möller, M., Edwards, T., & Bellstedt, D. U. (2013). An approach to identify putative hybrids in the ‘coalescent stochasticity zone’, as exemplified in the African plant genus Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae). New Phytol. 198(1), 284-300 URL
27. Linder, H. P., Antonelli, A., Humphreys, A. M., Pirie, M. D., & Wüest, R. O. (2013). What determines biogeographical ranges? Historical wanderings and ecological constraints in the danthonioid grasses. J. Biogeogr. 40, 821-834 URL
26. Bellstedt, D.U., Galley, C., Pirie, M.D., and Linder, H.P. (2012). Migration of the paleaotropical arid flora: Zygophylloideae as an example. Syst. Bot. 37(4), 951-959 URL
25. Chatrou, L.W., Pirie, M.D., Erkens, R.H.J., Couvreur, T.L.P., Neubig, K.M., Abbott, J.R., Mols, J.B., Maas, J.W., Saunders, R.M.K., & Chase, M.W. (2012). A new higher-level classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 69, 5-40 URL
24. Kadereit, G., Ackerly, D., & Pirie, M.D. (2012). A broader model for C4 photosynthesis evolution in plants inferred from the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae s.s.). Proc. R. Soc. B. 279, 3304-3311 URL
23. Pirie, M.D., & Doyle, J.A. (2012). Dating clades with fossils and molecules: the case of Annonaceae. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 69, 84-116 URL
22. Pirie M.D., Humphreys A.M., Antonelli A., & Linder H.P. (2012). Model uncertainty in ancestral area reconstruction: a parsimonious solution? Taxon 61(3), 652-664. URL
21. Visser, J. C., Bellstedt, D. U., & Pirie, M. D. (2012). The recent recombinant evolution of a major crop pathogen, Potato Virus Y. PLoS ONE (11): e50631. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050631 URL
20. Couvreur, T.L.P., Pirie, M.D., Chatrou, L.W., Saunders, R.M.K., Su, Y.F., Richardson, J.E. & Erkens, R.H.J. (2011). Steady tropical diversification and boreotropical geodispersal during the early history of the flowering plant family Annonaceae. J. Biogeog. 38, 664-680 URL
19. Humphreys, A.M., Antonelli, A., Pirie, M.D. & Linder, H.P. (2011) Ecology and evolution of the diaspore 'burial syndrome'. Evolution 65, 1163-1180 URL
18. Pirie, M.D., Oliver, E.G.H. & Bellstedt, D.U. (2011) A densely sampled ITS phylogeny of the Cape flagship genus Erica L. suggests numerous shifts in floral macro-morphology. Molec. Phylo. Evol. 61, 593-601 URL
17. Bellstedt, D.U., Pirie, M.D., Visser, J.C., de Villiers, M.J. & Gehrke, B. (2010) A rapid and inexpensive method for the direct PCR amplification of DNA from plants. Amer. J. Bot.97, e65-e68 URL
16 Humphreys, A.M., Pirie, M.D. & Linder, H.P. (2010) A plastid tree can bring order to the chaotic generic taxonomy of Rytidosperma Steud. s.l. (Poaceae). Molec. Phylog. Evol., 55, 911-928 URL
15. Linder, H.P., Baeza, M., Barker, N.P., Galley, C., Humphreys, A.M. Lloyd, K., Orlovich, D., Pirie, M.D., Simon, B.K., Walsh, N. & Verboom, G.A. (2010) A generic classification of the Danthonioideae (Poaceae). Ann. Miss. Bot. Gard. 97, 306-364 URL
14. Pirie, M.D., Lloyd, K.M., Lee, W.G. & Linder, H.P. (2010) Diversification of Chionochloa (Poaceae) and biogeographic history of the New Zealand Southern Alps. J. Biogeog., 37, 379-392 URL PDF (accepted version)
13. Pirie, M.D., Humphreys, A.M., Barker, N.P. & Linder, H.P. (2009) Reticulation, data combination and inferring evolutionary history: an example from Danthonioideae. Syst. Biol., 58, 612-628 URL PDF
12. Pirie, M.D., Klitgaard, B.B. & Pennington, R.T. (2009) Revision and Biogeography of Centrolobium (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae). Syst. Bot., 34, 345-359 URL
11. Pirie, M.D., Humphreys, A.M., Galley, C., Barker, N.P., Verboom, G.A., Orlovich, D., Draffin, S.J., Lloyd, K., Baeza, C.M., Negritto, M., Ruiz, E., Cota Sanchez, J.H., Reimer, E. & Linder, H.P. (2008) A novel supermatrix approach improves resolution of phylogenetic relationships in a comprehensive sample of danthonioid grasses. Molec. Phylog. Evol., 48, 1106-1119 URL
10. Erkens, R.H.J., Chatrou, L.W., Maas, J.W., & Pirie, M.D. (2007). Phylogenetic relationships, saturation and marker-use in the Long Branch Clade of Annonaceae. Pages 25-41 in From morphological nightmare to molecular conundrum. Phylogenetic, evolutionary and taxonomic studies on Guatteria (Annonaceae). Erkens, R.H.J., PhD thesis, Utrecht University, Utrecht. ISBN: 978-90-9021525-9, URL
9. Pirie, M.D., Vargas, M.P.B., Botermans, M., Bakker, F.T. & Chatrou, L.W. (2007) Ancient paralogy in the cpDNA trnL-F region in Annonaceae: implications for plant molecular systematics. Amer. J. Bot., 94, 1003-1016 URL
8. Pirie, M.D., Chatrou, L.W., Mols, J.B., Erkens, R.H.J. & Oosterhof, J. (2006) 'Andean-centred' genera in the short-branch clade of Annonaceae: Testing biogeographic hypotheses using phylogeny reconstruction and molecular dating. J. Biogeog., 33, 31-46 URL
7. Chatrou, L.W. & Pirie, M.D. (2005) Three new rarely collected or endangered species of Annonaceae from Venezuela. Blumea, 50, 33-40 URL PDF
6. Pirie, M.D. (2005) New species of Cremastosperma (Annonaceae) from Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. Blumea, 50, 41-60 URL PDF
5. Pirie, M.D., Chatrou, L.W., Erkens, R.H.J., Maas, J.W., Van der Niet, T., Mols, J.B. & Richardson, J.E. (2005) Phylogeny reconstruction and molecular dating in four Neotropical genera of Annonaceae: the effect of taxon sampling in age estimations. Plant species-level systematics: new perspectives on pattern and process (ed. by F.T. Bakker, L.W. Chatrou, B. Gravendeel and P.B. Pelser), pp. 149-174. Regnum Vegetabile 143, A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, Liechtenstein URL
4. Mols, J.B., Gravendeel, B., Chatrou, L.W., Pirie, M.D., Bygrave, P.C., Chase, M.W. & Kessler, P.J.A. (2004) Identifying clades in Asian Annonaceae: monophyletic genera in the polyphyletic Miliuseae. Amer. J. Bot., 91, 590-600 URL
3. Pirie, M.D. & Zapata C., M. (2004) Three new endemic species of Cremastosperma (Annonaceae) from the Río Marañon basin, Amazonas, Peru. Arnaldoa, 11(2), 7-20 URL PDF
2. Richardson, J.E., Chatrou, L.W., Mols, J.B., Erkens, R.H.J. & Pirie, M.D. (2004) Historical biogeography of two cosmopolitan families of flowering plants: Annonaceae and Rhamnaceae. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B, 359, 1495-1508 URL
1. Chatrou, L.W. & Pirie, M.D. (2003) Two new species of Annonaceae from Bolivia. Rev. Soc. Bol. Bot., 4, 25-30 PDF
2. Pirie, M. D. 2017. Inferring species trees given coalescence and reticulation. Habilitation. Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Mainz, Germany. http://unibibliografie.ub.uni-mainz.de/opus/frontdoor.php?source_opus=56774 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5135359
1. Pirie, M.D. (2005) Cremastosperma (and other evolutionary digressions): Molecular phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic studies in Neotropical Annonaceae. Ph.D. thesis. Utrecht University, the Netherlands. ISBN: 90-393-39538, URL (includes a provisional taxonomic revision of Cremastosperma [29 species] with illustrations and identification keys)
Editorial
Pirie MD, Coetzee A, Fagúndez J, Forest F, Musker S, Nelson EC, Niet T van der, Ojeda F (2025) Systematics, natural history, and conservation of Erica (Ericaceae). PhytoKeys 257: 119–124. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.257.159429
6. Nürk NM, Pirie MD 2024 What drives evolutionary diversification in a biodiversity hotspot? : A “next generation” phylogenetic approach comparing three clades of the Cape Floristic Region´s mega-genus Erica : DFG Project Report. Bayreuth, 15 pp. Available from: https://epub.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/8064/ (November 20, 2024).
5. Gehrke, B., Lie Andersen, H., Eriksson, L.T., Pirie, M.D., & Golubovič, M. 2024. – Årsmelding for Universitetshagene i Bergen 2022–2023 – Årringen 2022-2023 (26-27): 129–160
4. Pirie, M.D., Gehrke, B., Golubovič, M., Sørvig, F. & Wiig, K.G. 2024. – Arboretets venner, aktiviteter og opplevelser 2022–2023 – Årringen 2022-2023 (26-27): 167–184
3. Moe, B., Andersen, H.L., Eriksson, L.T., Gehrke, B. & Pirie, M.D. 2022. Årsmeldinger for Universitetshagene 2019–2021 – Årringen 2020–2021 (24–25): 127–163.
2. Moe, B. & Pirie, M.D. 2022. – Arboretets venner, aktiviteter og opplevelser 2019–2021 – Årringen 2020–2021 (24–25): 164–182.
1. Pirie, M. D. (2020). Remarkable insights into processes shaping African tropical tree diversity. Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/807727