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INTERVALS!
Interval Defined: The distance between two notes! The distance is measured in half and whole steps.
Intervals are described by quality and size.
Qualities and Size
Intervals can be described by QUALITIES, such as Major (M), Minor (m), Perfect (P), Augmented (A), and Diminished (d).
Intervals come in various SIZES: Unisons, Seconds, Thirds, Fourths, Fifths, Sixths, and Sevenths.
2nds, 3rds, 6ths, and 7ths can be found as Major and Minor.
Unisons, 4ths, 5ths, and Octaves are Perfect.
Generic Intervals
Specific Intervals
When a major interval is raised by a half step, it becomes augmented.
When a major interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes minor.
When a major interval is lowered by two half steps, it becomes diminished.
When a minor interval is raised by a half step, it becomes major.
When a minor interval is raised by two half steps, it becomes augmented.
When a minor interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes diminished.
When a perfect interval is raised by a half step, it becomes augmented.
When a perfect interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes diminished.
INVERSIONS OF INTERVALS
Intervals can be inverted, which basically means you turn them upside down. The lower note is raised up an octave so that the top note/bottom note relationship is reversed. The chart below shows the inversions of intervals.
Qualities
• Major becomes Minor
•Minor becomes Major
• Perfect remains Perfect
•Augmented becomes Diminished
• Diminished becomes Augmented
Size
• 2 becomes 7
• 3 becomes 6
• 4 becomes 5
• 5 becomes 4
• 6 becomes 3
• 7 becomes 2
Identifying Intervals by EAR
It is important to be able to hear and identify intervals. This is a very important thing for musicians to do. Here is a list of familiar songs that will help you to identify the intervals.
m2 - Stormy Weather
M2 - Happy Birthday
m3 - The Impossible Dream
So Long, Farewell from The Sound of Music
M3 - Halls of Montezuma
P4 - Here Comes the Bride
A4 - Maria from West Side Story
P5 - Star Wars
Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
M6 - NBC theme music
m7 - Somewhere from West Side Story
M7 - Bali Hai from South Pacific
Octave - Over the Rainbow
Interval Song List
Interval Song List
Minor Second - m2
Minor Second - m2
ASCENDING
Jaws
What's New?
Nice Work if you can get it
San Francisco (Left my heart)
I Remember You
I'm Getting Sentimental over You
Bye Bye Black Bird
Stormy Weather
It's Been a Hard Day's Night (Beatles)
DESCENDING
O Little Town of Bethlehem
Joy to the World
The Theme (M. Davis)
Sophisticated Lady
Stella by Starlight
The Lady is a Tramp
Solar (M. Davis)
Shall We Dance (The King and I)
Fur Elise
Hernando's Hideaway
Major Second - M2
Major Second - M2
ASCENDING
Happy Birthday
Rudolf the Red Nosed Reindeer
Silent Night
There Will Never be Another You
Tennessee Waltz
My Funny Valentine
Body and Soul
They Say, Ruby
Frere Jacques
Doe, a Deer (Sound of Music)
DESCENDING
Mary had a Little Lamb
Deck the Halls
Away in a Manger
Yesterday (Beatles)
On the Sunny Side of the Street
Freddie Freeloader
Three Blind Mice
Whistle While You Work
Mary Had a Little Lamb
M.A.S.H.
Blue Moon
Satin Doll
Tune Up
My Girl
The First Noel
Minor Third - m3
Minor Third - m3
ASCENDING
Work Song
Confirmation
Georgia on my Mind
A Foggy Day
Moontrane
The Impossible Dream
Somewhere my Love
O Canada
Oh Where, Oh Where has my Little dog Gone?
Brahm's Lullaby
Greensleeves
So Long, Farewell (Sound of Music)
DESCENDING
Frosty the Snowman
What is This Thing Called Love?
500 Miles High (C. Corea)
Misty
When Irish Eyes are Smiling
Hey Jude
Peter Gunn
You're a Grand Old Flag
This Old Man
Jesus Loves Me
Star Spangled Banner
Major Third - M3
Major Third - M3
ASCENDING
Oh When the Saints
I Can't Get Started
Kum Ba Yah
While Shepherds Watched
Sweet Hour of Prayer
Well I Come From Alabama
From the Halls of Montezuma
{Big Ben Sounding the Hour?}
DESCENDING
Beethoven's Fifth
Swing Low Sweet Chariot
Good Night Ladies
Summertime
Giant Steps
Come Rain or Come Shine
Bessie's Blues
Perfect Fourth - P4
Perfect Fourth - P4
ASCENDING
Here Comes the Bride
Hark the Herald Angels Sing
Oh Christmas Tree
Doxy
'Round Midnight
Maiden Voyage
We Wish You a Merry Christmas
All the Things
Ornithology
Song for my Father
Love me Tender
Auld Lang Syne
Aura Lee
The British Grenadiers
Amazing Grace
Someday my Prince Will Come
Day is Done (Taps)
DESCENDING
Shave and a Haircut
Oh Come All Ye Faithful
Valse Hot (Not Intro!)
Yardbird Suite
Softly, as in a Morning Sunrise
I Didn't Know What Time it Was
Almighty Fortress is Our God
Baseball Chant
Bizet's "L'Arsienne"
Make New Friends
Bizet's Farandole
Born Free
I've Been Working on the Railroad
Tri-Tone - TT / +4 / o5
Tri-Tone - TT / +4 / o5
ASCENDING
Maria (West Side Story)
The Simpsons
DESCENDING
Blue Seven (Sonny Rollins)
European Siren
Perfect Fifth - P5
Perfect Fifth - P5
ASCENDING
Twinkle, Twinkle
Theme from 2001
Whisper Not (Benny Golson)
Theme From Peanuts
Bags Groove
Lavender's Blue
Hey There Georgy Girl
Blackbird (Beatles)
DESCENDING
Feelings
7 Steps to Heaven (M. Davis)
Have You Met Miss Jones?
The Way You Look Tonight
Mozart's Minuet in G
Flintstones
Bring a Torch Jeannette Isabella
Minor Sixth - m6
Minor Sixth - m6
ASCENDING
Love Story (third and fourth notes)
The Entertainer
Morning of the Carnival
Go Down Moses
The Entertainer (third and fourth notes)
DESCENDING
Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen
Love Story Theme
Please Don't Talk About me When I'm Gone
You're Everything (C. Corea)
Major Sixth - M6
Major Sixth - M6
ASCENDING
My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean
"NBC" Theme Jingle
Theme from "The Sting"
NBC
Dashing Through the Snow
DESCENDING
You're a Weaver of Dreams
Nobody Knows the Troubles I've Seen
O-ver There
Gonna Lay Down My Sword and Shield
Minor Seventh - m7
Minor Seventh - m7
ASCENDING
There's a Place for Us (West Side Story)
Old Star Trek Theme
Have You Driven a Ford?
Somewhere (West Side Story)
I'll Close My Eyes
DESCENDING
Watermelon Man (H. Hancock)
Theme from American in Paris
Little Red's Fantasy (Woody Shaw)
Major Seventh - M7
Major Seventh - M7
ASCENDING
Cast Your Fate to the Wind
Ceora
Theme from Fantasy Island
Superman
Bali Hai (South Pacific)
DESCENDING
I Love You (?)
"Hee Haw" From the Grand Canyon Suite
Perfect Octave - P8
Perfect Octave - P8
ASCENDING
Somewhere Over the Rainbow
A Christmas Song (Chestnuts Roasting)
Let it Snow!
McDonald's Commercial (?)
Del Sasser
Blue Bossa
DESCENDING
There's No Business Like Show Business (Notes 2-3)
Willow Weep for Me
I Love You (The Other One)
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