I have an amateur interest in the history and social context of TCS, Math, and Science more generally. I list here some documents (long books, short articles, MO questions...) with a historical (and often personal, which I like) tone that I found especially interesting, in no particular order.
Sharon Traweek's "Beamtimes and Lifetimes"
Richard Rhodes' "The Making of the Atomic Bomb"
Widely accepted mathematical results that were later shown to be wrong?
Emanuele Viola's "Myth creation" blog posts
How Are the Mighty Fallen: Rejected Classic Articles by Leading Economists
Laurent Schwartz's "A Mathematician Grappling with His Century"
Norbert Wiener's "I Am a Mathematician"
Paul Halmos' "I Want to be a Mathematician"
"Discrete Thoughts" by Mark Kac, Gian-Carlo Rota, and Jacob Schwartz
Gian-Carlo Rota's "Indiscrete Thoughts"
Paul Hoffman's "The Man Who Loved Only Numbers". This book got me hooked on discrete math as a high school student.
André Weil's "The Apprenticeship of a Mathematician"
Stanislaw Ulam's "Adventures of a Mathematician"
Mark Kac's "Enigmas of Chance"
Goro Shimura's "The Map of My Life"
Neal Koblitz's "Random Curves"
Mauldin's "The Scottish Book"