In a few words, discrete Element Method (with soft sphere approach) is coupled to a Immersed Boundary Method to solve Navier Stokes equation with the presence of solid objects (here spheres). A source term force, as well as lubrication model, is adequately added in coupled equations of grain motion and fluid flow to model accurately (the resolution scale is under the grain diameter) gravity and shear driven flows. Here you have some simulations I am working on.
Normal particle-wall collision in fluid.
Oblique particle-wall collision in a viscous fluid.
3 dimensional granular collapse in fluid.