"The key: behavior is functionally related to the classroom environment." Dr. Tim Lewis
Diagnostic Tools (to help determine if a student is struggling with this skill):
Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)- A Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) is a process for developing a useful understanding of how behavior relates to the environment. By analyzing what happens prior to (the antecedent) and immediately following (the consequence) the problem behavior, we are able to establish the pattern and thus figure out what the student is trying to accomplish by performing the behavior. (FBA Flow Chart)
Research-Based Interventions to try:
Good Behavior Game (Good Behavior Game Team Chart) This intervention uses group incentives that are awarded to classroom teams for refraining from rule infractions. The good behavior game relies on positive peer pressure specific performance criteria, immediate feedback, and group reinforcement. The goal of this intervention is to increase on task behavior and reduce inappropriate or disruptive behavior.
The Coupon System This intervention uses a simple response cost token system to minimize classroom interruptions for unnecessary requests for help. This strategy has been found to create quick changes in behavior and to reduce inappropriate attention seeking behaviors drastically. This strategy can be particularly useful when a teacher is doing small group or individual assistance while the rest of the class is working on an individual assignment or when younger children are doing “center-type” instruction.
A Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Disruptive Behavior This intervention can be implemented for students with aggressive, defiant or disruptive behavior. The focus is to minimize the interruption to the instructional routine by integrating this intervention into the daily routine. This intervention involves public posting of rules, a token economy and randomized reinforcers (mystery motivators).
Teaching Social Skills This article by Thomas McIntyre gives the reader some concrete steps to teaching social skills to students who don't yet have them.
Research-Based Interventions to try:
Check In- Check Out (CICO)- Students are presented with daily/weekly goals and then receive frequent feedback on meeting the goals throughout the day. This is typically considered a Tier 2 intervention.
Finding the Spark- More Strategies to Increase Motivation by Jim Wright on Intervention Central
Strategies to Increase Engagement/Motivation:
Intervention Central- Strategies for Motivation
Research-Based Intervention(s) to try:
Check and Connect Check & Connect is a model of sustained intervention for promoting students' engagement with school and learning. Check & Connect is data-driven and grounded in research on resiliency and home-school collaboration. Student referral criteria include alterable warning signs of school withdrawal – primarily attendance indices (absences, tardies, or skipping class)—in the context of academic performance and emotional or behavioral problems.
Strategies to Increase Engagement/Motivation:
Intervention Central- Strategies for Motivation
Monitoring Behavior- Documentation Chart
Mystery Motivator Charts
Proactive Strategies for Common Behavioral Issues
Problem-Solving for Better Behavior- Graphic to help students think it through
Sample Desk Chart for Elementary Student
Secondary Behavior Chart- 6 Periods
Secondary Behavior Chart- 7 Periods