Nahida Karim

Proposal Title:

External indebtedness of Pakistan,Impact on Poverty and Income Distribution

Supervisor:

Other Resource Persons:

Brief Summary of Significance of Research

  • It is very important to highlight the causes, complexities, remedies and policies regarding the increasing debt and debt servicing problem through empirical evidences.

  • —If the benefit of economic growth is shared within a specific group of the society and poor are left behind then policy makers need to review the growth oriented policy.

  • Domestic resource mobilization is the most sustainable source of development which the policy makers have completely ignored.

  • An endeavour will be made to bring together the literature that link external debt to poverty, income distribution and growth.

References

1. Afxentiou, P.C. and Serletis, A. (1996), “Growth and Foreign Indebtedness in Developing Countries: An Empirical Study Using Long-Term Cross- Country Data”, The Journal of Developing Areas, Vol. 31.

2. Anderson, Edward, White, Howard (2001). Growth versus Distribution: Does the pattern of growth matter? University of Sussex.

3. Assane, Djeto and Grammy, Abbas (2003). An Assessment of the Growth and Inequality Causality Relationship. Applied Economics Letters,

4. Aghion, P. and P. Bolton (1997). A trickle-down theory of growth and development. Review of Economic Studies, 64, 151-172.

5. Burney, N. A. (1988), “Determinants of Debt Problem in Pakistan and its Debt Servicing Capacity.” Pakistan Development Review. Vol. 27, No. 4.

6. Ali and Tahir, 1999, Dynamics of Growth, poverty and inequality in Pakistan, Pakistan Development Review.

7. Barro, Robert J. (2000). Inequality and growth in a panel of countries. Journal of Economic Growth.

8. Chaudhary, M. A. and Anwar, S. (2000), “Foreign Debt, Dependency, and Economic Growth in south Asia”, Pakistan Development Review. Vol. 39, No. 4

9. Chaudhary, M. Aslam, and Shahbaz Ali (1996) The Bomb of Foreign Debt: Is There a Way to Escape? A Case Study of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics

10. Chaudhary, M. Aslam, and Shahbaz Ali (1993) Pakistan’s Foreign Dependency, Its Capacity for Debt Repayment and Future Prospects. Pakistan Economic and Review

11. Chaudhary, M. A. and Anwar, S. (2001), “Debt Laffer Curve for South Asian Countries”,Pakistan Development Review. Vol. 40, No. 4.

12. Cunningham, R.T. (1993), “The Effects of Debt Burden on Economic Growth in Heavily Indebted Nations”, Journal of Economic Development

13. Chawdhury, A. R. (2001) Foreign Debt and Growth in Developing Countries: A Sensitivity and Causality Analysis Using Panel Data. Milwaukee, Department of Economics, Marquette University, USA.

14. Dollar, David, Kraay, Aart (2001). Growth is good for the poor. Working Paper 2587.Washington DC: The World Bank.

15. Eastwood, Robert, Lipton, Michael (2001). Pro-poor growth and pro-growth Poverty: Meaning, Evidence, and Policy Implications, in: Asian Development Review 19(1): 1 – 37.

16. Engle, R.F., Granger, C.W.J., (1987). “ Co-Integration and Error-Correction:

Representation, Estimation, and Testing.” Econometrica.

17. Fields, Gary S. (1994). Data for measuring poverty and inequality changes in the developing countries. Journal of Development Economics, 44(1), 87-102.

18. Haroon Jamal (2004) Does inequality matter for poverty reduction?

Evidence from Pakistan’s poverty trends. Pakistan Development Review

19. Johansen, S., (1988). “Statistical Analysis of Co-Integrating Vectors.” Journal of

Economic Dynamics and Control.

20. Johansen S and Juselius K. (1990). “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Co-integration with Applications to the Demand for Money.” Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics.

21. Kakwani, N. and E. Pernia (2000) what is Pro-poor Growth? Asian Development Review.

22. Karagol E.The Causality Analysis of External Debt Service and GNP: The Case of Turkey Department of Economics and Related Studies, University of NewYork

23. Kemal, A. R. (1975) Eliminating Dependence on Foreign Aid—Some Policy Implications. The Pakistan Development Review 14:4, 381–396.

24. Khan and Ajayi,2000; External debt and capital flight in Sub Sahara Africa

25. Kamal R. A;Debt Accumulation and its implication for growth, Pakistan Development Review 2001

26. Kraay, A. (2004) When is Growth Pro-Poor? Cross-country Evidence. Washington, DC, World Bank. (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

27. Lopez, J. H. (2004b) Pro-growth, Pro-poor: Is there a Tradeoff? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3378). World Bank, Washington, DC

28. Loko, Boileau, Mlachila, Montfort, Nallari, Raj, Kalonji, Kadima (2003). The impact of external indebtedness on poverty in low-income countries, Working Paper 61/2003. Washington DC: International Monetary Fund.

29. McCulloch, Neil and B. Baulch (1999) Assessing the Poverty Bias of Economic Growth: Methodology and Application to Andhra Pradesh. Institute of Development studies, Brighton. (Working Paper No. 98.)

30. Meir Rolf (2004),External Debt and pro poor growth, Development Research Group, World Bank

31. Persson T. and G. Tabellini (1994). Is inequality harmful for growth? American Economic Review.

32. Ravallion, Martin, Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages

33. Ravallion, M. and S. Chen (2003) Measuring Pro-poor Growth. Economic

Letters 78, 93–99

34. Siddiqui, R. and Malik, A. (2001), “Debt and Economic Growth in South Asia”, Pakistan Development Review.

35. Son, Hyun Hwna (2004) A Note on Measuring Pro-poor Growth. Economic Letters 82, 307–314

36. White, H and E. Anderson (2001) Growth versus Distribution: Does the Pattern of Growth Matter? Development Policy Review 19:3, 267–289.

Links to references, or attached below.

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