The title of my project is Bending The Light and I am going to do the historical connection that has to do with the invention of the laser.
I chose to work on the Historical Connection for my project. The title of my project is Bending The Light. For my project my materials will be: water, laser, scissors and an empty plastic bottle. Laser can be known as an acronym that stands for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Albert Einstein came of with this acronym when he studied the process of the lasers and what makes them up, he called this Stimulated Emission in 1917. Although Albert Einstein was a big contributor to the laser, Charles Hard Townes and Alexander Arthur Shawlow evented the maser. Maser was also an acrynom known as Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, and was actually invented before the laser. The difference between the maser and the laser was that the maser was not quite view able.
Charles Hard Townes actually won the Nobel Prize in Phyisics 1964 along with Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov and Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov. The award was differented with Charles receiving one half of the prize and Nicolay and Alek receiving one forth of the prize. These three men received the prize in physics for "fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle". During 1958 Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Schawlow wrote a paper that came onto the Physics Review. This paper described the ways and stating the possibility of the making of the laser. After this paper was read by the world, many raced to be the first to actually make it possible.
During the period of the 1959s, there was what can be known at the Patent War. Charles had talked with Gordon Gould and stated to him some of his ideas on how he thinks building the laser would be possible. Gordon wrote down Charles ideas and began to claim them as his own and added some of his thoughts to it. During that time he along with his employer filed and applied for a patent. When Gould did not receive the patent is was furious and decided to sue and became making statements saying that he should be the one known to create the device known as the Laser. This battle continued for more than a century, more than TWO centuries. Throughout those years Gould did win some of the settlements. There were many men contributed to the making of the laser, and they should all be honored.
This is a picture of Theodore Mainman with the first working maser.
Above is Charles Hard Townes.
Above is Arthur Schawlow.
Resources: http://www.laserinventor.com/bio.html
http://laserfest.org/lasers/history/early.cfm