Articles

Leptospirosis advocacy

Goarant, C., K. Dellagi and M. Picardeau (2021). "Ending the Neglect of Treatable Bacterial Zoonoses Responsible for Non-Malaria Fevers." Yale J Biol Med 94(2): 351-360. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8223548/

Goarant, C., M. Picardeau, S. Morand and K. M. McIntyre (2019). "Leptospirosis under the bibliometrics radar: evidence for a vicious circle of neglect." J Glob Health 9(1): 010302. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30603077/

Goarant, C. (2016). "Leptospirosis: risk factors and management challenges in developing countries." Res Rep Trop Med 7: 49-62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30050339/

Durski KN, Jancloes M, Chowdhary T, Bertherat E. A global, multi-disciplinary, multi-sectorial initiative to combat leptospirosis: Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network (GLEAN). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Jun 5;11(6):6000-8. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/6/6000

Schneider MC, Jancloes M, Buss DF, et al. Leptospirosis: A Silent Epidemic Disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2013;10(12):7229-7234. doi:10.3390/ijerph10127229. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/10/12/7229

Jancloes M, Bertherat, E, Schneider C, Belmain S, Munoz-Zanzi C, Hartskeerl R, Costa F, Denis J, Benschop J. Towards a “One Health” Strategy against Leptospirosis. GRF Davos Planet@Risk. 2014; 2(3), Special Issue on One Health. https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/11557/4/11557_BELMAIN_%28NRI%29_%28OA%29_%282014%29.pdf

Mills, W. et al. A Global One Health Perspective on Leptospirosis in Humans and Animals. 2022.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35895801/

Bradley, Elizabeth A.; Lockaby, Graeme. Leptospirosis and the Environment: A Review and Future Directions. Pathogens, v. 12, n. 9, p. 1167, 2023. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/9/1167

Leptospira genomics, species, and classification 

Stone NE, McDonough RF, Hamond C, LeCount K, Busch JD, Dirsmith KL, Rivera-Garcia S, Soltero F, Arnold LM, Weiner Z, Galloway RL, Schlater LK, Nally JE, Sahl JW, Wagner DM. DNA Capture and Enrichment: A Culture-Independent Approach for Characterizing the Genomic Diversity of Pathogenic Leptospira Species. Microorganisms. 2023 May 14;11(5):1282. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11051282. PMID: 37317256; PMCID: PMC10224534. 

Vincent AT, Schiettekatte O, Goarant C, Neela VK, Bernet E, Thibeaux R, Ismail N, Mohd Khalid MKN, Amran F, Masuzawa T, Nakao R, Amara Korba A, Bourhy P, Veyrier FJ, Picardeau M. Revisiting the taxonomy and evolution of pathogenicity of the genus Leptospira through the prism of genomics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 May 23;13(5):e0007270. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007270. PMID: 31120895; PMCID: PMC6532842. 

Korba AA, Lounici H, Kainiu M, Vincent AT, Mariet JF, Veyrier FJ, Goarant C, Picardeau M. Leptospira ainlahdjerensis sp. nov., Leptospira ainazelensis sp. nov., Leptospira abararensis sp. nov. and Leptospira chreensis sp. nov., four new species isolated from water sources in Algeria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2021 Dec;71(12). doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005148. PMID: 34914572. 

Philip, N., N. Bahtiar Affendy, S. N. A. Ramli, M. Arif, P. Raja, E. Nagandran, P. Renganathan, N. M. Taib, S. N. Masri, M. Y.       Yuhana, L. T. L. Than, M. Seganathirajah, C. Goarant, M. G. A. Goris, Z. Sekawi and V. K. Neela (2020). "Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia." PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14(3): e0008197.  https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0008197

Grillova, L., Cokelaer, T., Mariet, J. F., da Fonseca, J. P., & Picardeau, M. Core genome sequencing and genotyping of Leptospira interrogans in clinical samples by target capture sequencing. BMC Infectious Diseases, v. 23, n. 1, p. 157, 2023. https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-023-08126-x

Nieves, C., Vincent, A. T., Zarantonelli, L., Picardeau, M., Veyrier, F. J., & Buschiazzo, A. Horizontal transfer of the rfb cluster in Leptospira is a genetic determinant of serovar identity. Life Science Alliance, v. 6, n. 2, 2023. https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/6/2/e202201480

Casanovas-Massana, A., Vincent, A. T., Bourhy, P., Neela, V. K., Veyrier, F. J., Picardeau, M., & Wunder Jr Jr, E. A. Leptospira dzianensis and Leptospira putramalaysiae are later heterotypic synonyms of Leptospira yasudae and Leptospira stimsonii. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, v. 71, n. 3, p. 004713, 2021. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.004713#tab2

Life cycle and Transmission 

Ko, A., Goarant, C. & Picardeau, M. Leptospira: the dawn of the molecular genetics era for an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Nat Rev Microbiol 7, 736–747 (2009). https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro2208

Adler, B. Leptospira and Leptospirosis: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology and Leptospirosis. Volume 387. Springer, 2009. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378113509001163?via%3Dihub

Levett, P. N. Leptospirosis. Clinical Microbiology, v. 14, n. 2, p. 296-326, 2001. ttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/cmr.14.2.296-326.2001?url_ver=Z39.88 2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed

Oliveira, D. D. E. et al. Leptospira in breast tissue and milk of urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). v. 144, n. 11, p. 2420-2429, 2016. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/leptospira-in-breast-tissue-and-milk-of-urban-norway-rats-rattus-norvegicus/790137B790CE413539D8C7533076CD99

Minter, A. et al. Tails of Two Cities: Age and Wounding are Associated With Carriage of Leptospira interrogans by Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Ecologically Distinct Urban Environments. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, n. January, p. 1-8, 2019. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00014/full

Haake DA, Levett PN. Leptospirosis in humans. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2015. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_5

Laboratory diagnosis 

Human

Sykes JE, Reagan KL, Nally JE, Galloway RL, Haake DA. Role of Diagnostics in Epidemiology, Management, Surveillance, and Control of Leptospirosis. Pathogens. 2022 Mar 24;11(4):395. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11040395. PMID: 35456070; PMCID: PMC9032781. 

Picardeau M, Bertherat E, Jancloes M, Skouloudis AN, Durski K, Hartskeerl RA.  Rapid tests for diagnosis of leptospirosis: current tools and emerging technologies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014 Jan;78(1):1-8. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0732-8893(13)00533-6

Gunasegar, Shan; Neela, Vasantha Kumari. Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leptospira spp. in clinical samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, v. 100, n. 3, p. 115369, 2021. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0732889321000626?via%3Dihub

Allan, K. J., Maze, M. J., Galloway, R. L., Rubach, M. P., Biggs, H. M., Halliday, J. E., ... & Crump, J. A. Molecular detection and typing of pathogenic Leptospira in febrile patients and phylogenetic comparison with Leptospira detected among animals in Tanzania. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, v. 103, n. 4, p. 1427, 2020. https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/103/4/article-p1427.xml

Maze, M. J., Sharples, K. J., Allan, K. J., Rubach, M. P., & Crump, J. A. Diagnostic accuracy of leptospirosis whole-cell lateral flow assays: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, v. 25, n. 4, p. 437-444, 2019.https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(18)30741-9/fulltext

Richard, E., Bourhy, P., Picardeau, M., Moulin, L., & Wurtzer, S. Effect of disinfection agents and quantification of potentially viable Leptospira in fresh water samples using a highly sensitive integrity-qPCR assay. Plos one, v. 16, n. 5, p. e0251901, 2021. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251901

Philip, N., Affendy, N. B., Masri, S. N., Yuhana, M. Y., Than, L. T. L., Sekawi, Z., & Neela, V. K. Combined PCR and MAT improves the early diagnosis of the biphasic illness leptospirosis. PloS one, v. 15, n. 9, p. e0239069, 2020. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0239069

Animals

Iverson, S. A., Levy, C., Yaglom, H. D., Venkat, H. L., Artus, A., Galloway, R., ... & Schafer, I. J. Clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological features of a community-wide outbreak of canine leptospirosis in a low-prevalence region (Maricopa County, Arizona). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 258, n. 6, p. 616-629, 2021. https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/258/6/javma.258.6.616.xml

Nally, J. E., Ahmed, A. A., Putz, E. J., Palmquist, D. E., & Goris, M. G. Comparison of real-time PCR, bacteriologic culture and fluorescent antibody test for the detection of Leptospira borgpetersenii in Urine of naturally infected cattle. Veterinary sciences, v. 7, n. 2, p. 66, 2020. https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/7/2/66

Alinaitwe, L., Kankya, C., Allan, K. J., RodriguezCampos, S., Torgerson, P., & Dreyfus, A. Bovine leptospirosis in abattoirs in Uganda: Molecular detection and risk of exposure among workers. Zoonoses and public health, v. 66, n. 6, p. 636-646, 2019. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zph.12616

Environment 

Richard, E., Bourhy, P., Picardeau, M., Moulin, L., & Wurtzer, S. Effect of disinfection agents and quantification of potentially viable Leptospira in fresh water samples using a highly sensitive integrity-qPCR assay. Plos one, v. 16, n. 5, p. e0251901, 2021. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251901

Philip, N., Affendy, N. B., Masri, S. N., Yuhana, M. Y., Than, L. T. L., Sekawi, Z., & Neela, V. K. Combined PCR and MAT improves the early diagnosis of the biphasic illness leptospirosis. PloS one, v. 15, n. 9, p. e0239069, 2020. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0239069

Prevention and control 

1. Schneider MC, Velasco-Hernandez J, Min KD, Leonel DG, Baca-Carrasco D, Gompper ME, Hartskeerl R, Munoz-Zanzi C. The Use of Chemoprophylaxis after Floods to Reduce the Occurrence and Impact of Leptospirosis Outbreaks. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jun 3;14(6):594. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14060594. PMID: 28587195; PMCID: PMC5486280. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/6/594

2.  Sykes, J. E., Reagan, K. L., Nally, J. E., Galloway, R. L., & Haake, D. A. Role of diagnostics in epidemiology, management, surveillance, and control of leptospirosis. Pathogens, v. 11, n. 4, p. 395, 2022. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/4/395

 3.    Wunder, E. A., Adhikarla, H., Hamond, C., Owers Bonner, K. A., Liang, L., Rodrigues, C. B., ... & Ko, A. A live attenuated-vaccine model confers cross-protective immunity against different species of the Leptospira genus. Elife, v. 10, p. e64166, 2021. https://elifesciences.org/articles/64166

4.   O'neill, L. M., Keane, O. M., Ross, P. J., Nally, J. E., Seshu, J., & Markey, B. Evaluation of protective and immune responses following vaccination with recombinant MIP and CPAF from Chlamydia abortus as novel vaccines for enzootic abortion of ewes. Vaccine, v. 37, n. 36, p. 5428-5438, 2019. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264410X19308795?via%3Dihub

5.   Dhewantara, P. W., Lau, C. L., Allan, K. J., Hu, W., Zhang, W., Mamun, A. A., & Soares Magalhaes, R. J. Spatial epidemiological approaches to inform leptospirosis surveillance and control: A systematic review and critical appraisal of methods. Zoonoses and public health, v. 66, n. 2, p. 185-206, 2019. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zph.12549

6. Ko, A. I. et al. Urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in Brazil. Salvador Leptospirosis Study Group. The Lancet, v. 354, p. 820-825, 1999. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(99)80012-9/fulltext

7.Haake DA, Levett PN. Leptospirosis in humans. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2015. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_5