The global burden of leptospirosis was estimated at 2·90 million DALYs per annum (UIs 1·25–4·54 million). (2·80 million YLLs and 103,200 YLDs). This represents an incidence of 41·8 DALYs per 100,000 population per year (UI 18·1–65·5).  

Leptospirosis is estimated to cause one million cases and around 58,900 deaths annually, with a mean case-fatality of 6%. 

Leptospirosis is found in almost all countries, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical zones. However, leptospirosis cases are highly underestimated due to underdiagnosis and lack of laboratory diagnostic capacities.