Course Outline
Unit 1: Number system :- Binary Numbers, Octal Numbers, Hexadecimal Numbers, Complement, Signed Binary Numbers Addition and Subtraction
Learning goals: Numbering system plays an important part in the design and operation of digital circuits and systems. In this unit we will learn the various numbering systems viz. decimal, hexadecimal, octal and binary. We will study the decimal numbering systems as a model and apply the concepts to octal, hexadecimal and binary. Also we will learn the procedures for performing arithmetic and the techniques of converting between different numbering systems. We will investigate the procedures of performing binary arithmetic and study the binary codes and their applications.
Unit 2: Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra :- Digital Logic Gates, Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean algebra, Boolean Functions, Minterms and Maxterms, Sum of Products and Product of Sums
Learning goals: Logic circuits are the building blocks of all digital computers and the gate is the basic element. In this unit, you will learn the basic concepts of logic circuits and the operation of the four basic logic gates- buffer, inverter, AND and OR gate. The distinctive symbols and the IEEE symbols will be studied. Also the operation of the universal NAND, NOR and simple logic circuits implemented using the basic gates will be examined. The basic laws of Boolean algebra, the concepts of minterms, maxterms and design of logic circuits using these concepts will be studied. Boolean algebraic techniques will be used to simplify the analysis and synthesis of logic circuits.
Unit 3: Minimization of Logic functions :- Karnaugh map method, Simplification of logic expressions, two variable, three variable, four variable etc., Quine McCluskey, Implementation of logic functions
Learning goals: In this unit we will study the Karnaugh map (K-map) simplification technique of logic equations. We will study the two-variable, three-variable and four variables K-map simplification.
Unit 4: Combinational Circuits :- Design of Adders, Subtractor, Multiplier, Encoder & Decoder, Multiplexer & Demultiplexer, and their use in logic synthesis, Arithmetic circuits, Seven-segment and alphanumeric display design.
Learning goals: The design of logic circuit for a specific application begins with a specification that describes the function of the circuit. In this unit we will investigate the design procedure amd operation of various combinational circuits. We will study the design of half adder, full adder, subtractor, decoder, encoder, multiplexer, demultiplexer and apply the concepts of decoding to code converters such as seven segment decoder. Various application circuits will be incorporated into the design of an arithmetic logic unit.
Unit 5: Sequential Circuits :- Latch, RS, JK, Master Slave, D, and T flip flops Finite state machines, State reduction
Learning goals : Sequential logic circuits serves as the primary means of storage, timing and counting. This unit introduces the basic unit of a sequential logic circuit – the flip flop. We will study S-R, T, D, J-K flip flop and develop its state transition table and equation. We will investigate the various IC’s that implements the flip flop in hardware.
Unit 6: Registers and Counters:- Registers, shift registers, Counters, Asynchronous Counters, Synchronous Counters, Design of counters, design of other sequential circuits.
Learning goals: Registers are logic circuits that are capable of storing binary numbers of varying size. This unit introduces the concept of parallel and serial data storage and the manner in which data is loaded and retrieved. We will study the design and operation of shift registers and their timing characteristic and applications. You will be introduced to the concepts of register arrays and their applications. We will study the operation, design and analysis of the various types of counters used in digital circuit applications. Broadly they are categorized as asynchronous and synchronous. The analysis will be done using timing diagrams. We will also study the application of counters for frequency division.
Unit 7: Memory and Programmable Logic devices
Learning goals: Memories are an integral part of any computer system. In this unit we will learn the operational concepts of various types of memories and memory organization, method of read/write control, and techniques of accessing memory location- RAM, FIFO, LIFO. We will study ROM and its different types and methods of programming it. We will study the programmable logic devices (PLD) and the different types of PLD viz. programmable array logic (PAL) and programmable logic array (PLA). We will study how PLD’s can be programmed to implement combinational and sequential logic circuits. You will be introduced to sequential programmable logic devices (SPLD), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), field programmable logic devices (FPGA).
Unit 8: Digital Integrated Circuits
Learning goals : We will study the operating characteristic of bipolar and MOSFET switch. We will study the various logic families – transistor transistor logic (TTL), resistor transistor logic (RTL), emitter coupled logic (ECL) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS). By studying the electronics of these logic families we will understand their specific characteristics and why each are suited for a particular applicaton than are other logic families.
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