Many moons ago, I used to enjoy recording TV broadcasts (though I rarely watched them).
I no longer do this, but at the time, the following links were helpful to get set up for this.
sudo apt-get install mythtv mythweb nxtvepg scantv
http://mythwiki.de/index.php?title=HOWTO_Mythfilldatabase
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/MythTV
http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/NexTView_Import
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/nxtvepg
http://eternalvoid.net/tutorials/mythtv-autotranscode/
http://rob.opendot.cl/index.php/useful-stuff/ffmpeg-x264-encoding-guide/