1. Expressing a wish:

Form:

If only / I wish + simple past

Example:

If only I knew how to use a computer.

(I don’t know how to use a computer and I would like to learn how to use it)

Use:

• To express a wish in the present or in the future.
• The simple past here is an unreal past.
• When you use the verb to be the form is “were”.
• Example:
• I wish I were a millionaire!

2. Expressing regret:

Form:

If only / I wish + past perfect

Example:

If only I had woken up early.

(I didn't wake up early and I missed my bus.)

Use:

• To express a regret.
• The action is past.

3. Complaining:

Form:

I wish / if only + would + verb

Example:

I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the time

(I'm annoyed because you always come late and I want you to arrive on time)

Use:

• To complain about a behavior that you disapprove.
• Expressing impatience, annoyance or dissatisfaction with a present action.

Related pages:

• Conditionals
• Exercise on I wish, if only
• Expressing hope