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Esophagus and Gastrointestinal tract
Wall is formed by four distinctive layers starting from the lumen:
- mucosa - surface is epithelium
- submucosa - dense connective tissue
- muscularis externa - most parts is smooth muscle
- serosa - simple squamous epithelium
- or
- adventitia - only connective tissue
Esophagus
- lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- outer layer is adventitia
Stomach
- surface foveolar cells
- parietal cells
- chief cells
- no goblet cells
Small intestine
- villi, plicae circularis, and goblet cells
- divided into three regions
- duodenum - brunner's glands
- jejunum - villi more fingerlike
- ileum - contains peyer's patches
Colon
- fairly flat surface
- no villi
- numerous goblet cells
appendix
- uniformed layer of longitudinal muscle in the muscularis externa
- large amounts of lymphatic nodules that extend into the submucosa
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