Chapter 14: Objectives and Notes

Chapter 14 Objectives:

• At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:
  • explain the digestive tract to include general structure, function, and cell composition
  • differentiate between the different organs of the digestive tract to include the papillae of the tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Salivary Glands

• Parotid gland
  • the secretory units are completely serous and surround numerous, long, narrow intercalated ducts
  • large striated ducts
  • large amounts of adipose tissue
• Submandibular Gland
  • mixed glands that are mostly serous in humans
  • some mucous acini capped by serous demilunes are found among the perdominant serous acini
  • fewer intercalated ducts
• Sublingual Gland
  • mixed glands that are mostly mucous secreting in humans
  • some of the predominant mucuous acini exhibit serous demilunes
  • intercalated ducts and striated ducts are short, difficult to locate or sometimes absent
  • mucous secretory units may be more tubular than purely acinar

Tongue

• muscular organ
• four types of papillae cover the dorsal surface of the tongue
  • filiform papillae - conical, elongated projections of connective tissue covered with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with no taste buds
  • fungiform papillae - mushroom-shaped projections with taste buds in the stratified squamous epithelium
  • circumvallate papillae dome-shaped structures surrounded by a moat-like invagination lined with stratified squamous epithelium with numerous taste buds
  • foliate papillae - parallel low ridges separated by deep mucosal clefts with taste buds