研究內容/Research

新型混凝土材料與抗耐震結構之發展與應用

Advanced Concrete Materials

人為與天然災害一直以來不斷地促使工程師開發新的材料，並運用於土木防災與永續工程上，這些材料當中，高性能纖維混凝土 (High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete(HPFRC)) 為近年來最具發展潛力的水泥基質材料。高性能纖維混凝土與一般混凝土主要不同之處在於，具有獨特的張力應變硬化行為，能提供優良的剪力與彎矩抵抗力，以及卓越的地震能消耗量。LACMAS 使用高性能纖維混凝土於傳統混凝土結構進行抗震補強，此外，LACMAS 亦利用形狀記憶金屬的超彈性行為於RC結構中，例如：我們使用形狀記憶金屬於RC梁與中高層RC耦合結構牆中，以增加結構耐震能力。

LACMAS develops and applies advanced cementitious materials to enhance the behavior of RC structures under extreme loading. For example, we applied UHPC and HPFRC materials to replace conventional concrete in the critical regions of RC structures including coupling beams, shear walls, double cantilever beams, beam-column joints, and coupled structural walls. In order to investigate the behavior of RC structures under earthquakes, we conducted materials and large-structural tests. In addition, we also developed innovative material constitutive models. For example, We recently built an inelastic constitutive model, based on the newly developed hybrid rotating/fixed crack approach, to simulate the behavior of High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) under random displacement reversals. We also developed models with different scales to simulate the seismic behavior of high-rise RC coupled structural walls.

超高性能(纖維)混凝土

Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC)

人為與天然災害一直以來不斷地促使工程師開發新的材料，並運用於土木防災與永續工程上，這些材料當中，高性能纖維混凝土 (High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete(HPFRC)) 為近年來最具發展潛力的水泥基質材料。高性能纖維混凝土與一般混凝土主要不同之處在於，具有獨特的張力應變硬化行為，能提供優良的剪力與彎矩抵抗力，以及卓越的地震能消耗量。LACMAS 使用高性能纖維混凝土於傳統混凝土結構進行抗震補強，此外，LACMAS 亦利用形狀記憶金屬的超彈性行為於RC結構中，例如：我們使用形狀記憶金屬於RC梁與中高層RC耦合結構牆中，以增加結構耐震能力。

LACMAS 發展並運用各種不同評估技術，以調查混凝土材料與結構體在各種不同極限載重下的行為。如：大型結構測試、即時動態複合(子結構)測試、擬動態實驗、電腦模擬分析。所評估的RC構件/結構包含：連接梁、剪力牆、雙向懸臂梁、梁柱接頭、與大型耦合結構牆等。

The increasing awareness of risks caused by multi-hazards has motivated engineers to look for innovative materials for civil infrastructure. Two of the most appealing materials are High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) and Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). HPFRC is distinguished from the regular concrete by its unique tensile-hardening behavior, which translates into enhanced shear and moment resistance and energy dissipation at the structural level. While the performance of HPFRC has been widely investigated, most of these studies were focused on the level of structural components. LACMAS recently applied HPFRC in the critical components of an 18-story coupled wall system and investigated the effectiveness of using HPFRC to replace regular concrete to enhance the structure's seismic performance. It was found that using HPFRC is able to reduce the deformation demand and enhance the energy dissipation pattern of the structure in addition to simplify the detailing and reduce the steel reinforcement that were reported earlier. In addition to HPFRC, LACMAS is also exploring the applicability of the superelastic behavior of SMAs for civil infrastructure. One of the recent investigations is to replace the steel rebars by SMA bars in RC structures.

結構牆/剪力牆 (shear walls) 經常使用於中、高樓層結構，以提供結構物側向勁度，抵抗地震及風力。耦合結構牆包含兩座或兩座以上的結構牆，並透過連接梁 (coupling beams) 連接而成。在地震的作用下，大部分的非彈性行為將集中在連接梁與結構牆的塑性區，LACMAS 分別使用結構實驗、複合測試、以及多尺寸模擬方法，分析耦合結構牆的地震行為。LACMAS 亦使用高性能纖維混凝土於一18層耦合結構牆的關鍵部位，研究發現，使用高性能纖維混凝土可以大幅減少鋼筋使用量、簡化配筋方式、降低結構體地震時的變形量、增強結構體災後的維護性，以及提升系統耐震能力。

Coupled structural wall systems are often used in mid- to high-rise buildings to provide lateral resistance to earthquakes and winds. A coupled wall consists of two or more structural walls that are connected by coupling beams. As a result of the way that coupled wall systems deform under earthquakes, most inelastic deformation occurs in the coupling beams and the base of the shear walls. LACMAS applied the multi-scale modeling technique to develop numerical models and analyze the monotonic and seismic behavior for composite coupled wall systems with steel coupling beams. We recently also applied High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete to enhance the seismic performance of the systems and, meanwhile, simplify the reinforcing detailing and reduce the reinforcement amount.

自癒合混凝土之研發

Self-Healing Concrete

即時動態複合測試是一種結合實驗測試與傳統數值方法來評估大型結構物地震行為的一種技術。進行即時動態複合測試時，可將結構體拆解為數個子結構，這些子結構可分別以動態實驗或電腦模擬方法測試，透過這些子結構間的同步平行測試，可以獲得整體結構系統的擬地震行為。LACMAS 已發展出有效的即時動態複合測試法，能準確評估大型複雜結構系統在地震時的動力行為。

Hybrid testing is a technique that combines the advantages of experimental testing and the conventional numerical method. During hybrid testing, a structure is divided into several sub-structures and each sub-structure is either experimentally tested or numerically simulated. By conducting the test/simulation of each substructure in parallel, the seismic behavior of the entire structure under a prescribed ground motion can be obtained. LACMAS has been dedicated to the development of hybrid testing and applying the state-of-the-art hybrid testing technique to evaluate the dynamic behavior of complex RC structures.