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ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.1 - Artistic traditions of the ancient Near East and dynastic Egypt focused on representing royal figures and divinities and on the function of funerary and palatial complexes within their cultural contexts. Works of art illustrate the active exchange of ideas and reception of artistic styles among the Mediterranean cultures and the subsequent influence on the classical world.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.1 - Artistic traditions of the ancient Near East and dynastic Egypt focused on representing royal figures and divinities and on the function of funerary and palatial complexes within their cultural contexts. Works of art illustrate the active exchange of ideas and reception of artistic styles among the Mediterranean cultures and the subsequent influence on the classical world.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.2 - Religion plays a significant role in the art and architecture of the ancient Near East, with cosmology guiding representation of deities and kings who themselves assume divine attributes.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.2 - Religion plays a significant role in the art and architecture of the ancient Near East, with cosmology guiding representation of deities and kings who themselves assume divine attributes.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.3 - The art of dynastic Egypt embodies a sense of permanence. It was created for eternity in the service of a culture that focused on preserving a cycle of rebirth.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.3 - The art of dynastic Egypt embodies a sense of permanence. It was created for eternity in the service of a culture that focused on preserving a cycle of rebirth.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.4 - The art of Ancient Greece and Rome is grounded in civic ideals and polytheism. Etruscan and Roman artists and architects accumulated and creatively adapted Greek objects and forms to create buildings and artworks that appealed to their tastes for eclecticism and historicism.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.4 - The art of Ancient Greece and Rome is grounded in civic ideals and polytheism. Etruscan and Roman artists and architects accumulated and creatively adapted Greek objects and forms to create buildings and artworks that appealed to their tastes for eclecticism and historicism.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.5 - Contextual information for ancient Greek and Roman art can be derived from contemporary literary, political, legal and economic records as well as from archaeological excavations conducted from the mid-18th century onward. Etruscan art, by contrast, is illuminated primarily by modern archaeological record and by descriptions of contemporary external observers.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDING 2.5 - Contextual information for ancient Greek and Roman art can be derived from contemporary literary, political, legal and economic records as well as from archaeological excavations conducted from the mid-18th century onward. Etruscan art, by contrast, is illuminated primarily by modern archaeological record and by descriptions of contemporary external observers.
Videos:
Videos:
Engineering an Empire Greece - YouTube
Engineering an Empire ... Greek Byzantium (YouTube...5 parts)
Engineering an Empire Age of Alexander (YouTube)
Crete: Secret Islands of Minos
Myceneans: The Civilizations of Heroes
The Truth of Troy (BBC)
Minoans:Ancient Civilization of Crete
Greece: A Moment of Excellence
Stories/Additional Reading:
Architecture and Society - Minoan Palaces
British Museum Exhibition - connecting London Olympics 2012 with Ancient Games
BBC 1-14-15 The Fantastical Beasts of Ancient Greece ARTICLE
Required Images: Content Area 2 - Ancient Mediterranean 3500 B.C.E.–300 C.E. (36 WORKS)
12. White Temple and its ziggurat. Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 3500–3000 B.C.E. Mud brick.
13. Palette of King Narmer. Predynastic Egypt. c. 3000–2920 B.C.E. Greywacke.
14. Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2700 B.C.E. Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone.
15. Seated scribe. Saqqara, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2620–2500 B.C.E. Painted limestone.
16. Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur (modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2600– 2400 B.C.E. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone.
17. Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx. Giza, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2550–2490 B.C.E. Cut limestone.
18. King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2490–2472 B.C.E. Greywacke.
19. The Code of Hammurabi. Babylon (modern Iran). Susian. c. 1792–1750 B.C.E. Basalt.
20. Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall. Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th and 19th Dynasties. Temple: c. 1550 B.C.E.; hall: c. 1250 B.C.E. Cut sandstone and mud brick.
21. Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut. Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1473–1458 B.C.E. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite.
22. Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters. New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th Dynasty. c. 1353–1335 B.C.E. Limestone.
23. Tutankhamun’s tomb, innermost coffin. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1323 B.C.E. Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones.
24. Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead). New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty. c. 1275 B.C.E. Painted papyrus scroll.
25. Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Iraq). Neo-Assyrian. c. 720–705 B.C.E. Alabaster.
26. Athenian agora. Archaic through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E.–150 C.E. Plan. 27. Anavysos Kouros. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint.
28. Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details.
29. Sarcophagus of the Spouses. Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terra cotta.
30. Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes. Persepolis, Iran. Persian. c. 520–465 B.C.E. Limestone.
31. Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) and sculpture of Apollo. Master sculptor Vulca. c. 510–500 B.C.E. Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa (volcanic rock); terra cotta sculpture.
32. Tomb of the Triclinium. Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan. c. 480–470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco.
33. Niobides Krater. Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460–450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique (white highlights).
34. Doryphoros (Spear Bearer). Polykleitos. Original 450–440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze).
35. Acropolis. Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447–424 B.C.E. Marble. 36. Grave stele of Hegeso. Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint.
37. Winged Victory of Samothrace. Hellenistic Greek. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble. 38. Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon. Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek.
c. 175 B.C.E. Marble (architecture and sculpture).
39. House of the Vettii. Pompeii, Italy. Imperial Roman. c. second century B.C.E.; rebuilt c. 62–79 C.E. Cut stone and fresco.
40. Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii. Republican Roman. c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic. 41. Seated boxer. Hellenistic Greek. c. 100 B.C.E. Bronze. 42. Head of a Roman patrician. Republican Roman. c. 75–50 B.C.E. Marble. 43. Augustus of Prima Porta. Imperial Roman. Early first century C.E. Marble.
44. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman. 70–80 C.E. Stone and concrete.
45. Forum of Trajan. Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets: 106–112 C.E.; column completed 113 C.E. Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column).
46. Pantheon. Imperial Roman. 118–125 C.E. Concrete with stone facing. 47. Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus. Late Imperial Roman. c. 250 C.E. Marble.
General Resources/Links:
Virtual Tours of many historic locations
Timelines of major events:
http://www.timemaps.com/history/middle-east-2500bc
http://www.timemaps.com/history/ancient-egypt-3500bc
http://www.timemaps.com/history/ancient-greece-1500bc
http://www.timemaps.com/history/italy-500bc
Mesopotamia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKs5Wvv1-14
http://www.ancient.eu/Mesopotamia/
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sitchin/mesopotamian_gods.htm
Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East
Egypt
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/explore/main.html
Greece
http://www.slideshare.net/dicolal/the-world-of-ancient-greece
http://www.theoi.com/greek-mythology/olympian-gods.html
Etruscans
http://www.ancient.eu/timeline/etruscan/
http://www.chianti.info/etruscan_mythology.htm#.WXdxvNPyvBI
Lost Civilization: The Etruscans
Rome
http://www.datesandevents.org/places-timelines/03-ancient-rome-timeline.htm
http://www.unrv.com/culture/major-roman-god-list.php
IMAGES
12. White Temple and its ziggurat. Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 3500-3000 B.C.E. Mud brick.
https://smarthistory.org/white-temple-and-ziggurat-uruk/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQtrDAdxMbc
13. Palette of King Narmer. Predynastic Egypt. c. 3000-2920 B.C.E. Greywacke. Back first, then Front.
14. Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2700 B.C.E. Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone.
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/edys/hd_edys.htm
15. Seated Scribe. Saqqara, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2620-2500 B.C.E. Painted limestone. Copyright Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY
Carving Tools of Ancient Egypt
16. Peace, Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur (modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2600-2400 B.C.E. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli and red limestone.
http://sumerianshakespeare.com/98401/index.html
17. Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx. Giza, Egypt. Old Kingdom. Fourth Dynasty. c. 2550-2490 B.C.E. Cut limestone.
http://www.ancient.eu/Great_Pyramid_of_Giza/
https://discoveringegypt.com/pyramids-temples-of-egypt/pyramids-of-giza/
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/pyramids/khufu.html
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/uncovering-secrets-of-the-sphinx-5053442/
18. King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom. Fourth Dynasty. c. 2490-2472 B.C.E. Greywacke.
19. The Code of Hammurabi. Babylon (modern Iran). Susian. c. 1782-1750 B.C.E. Basalt.
The Avalon Project by Yale University - complete translation of the Code.
Audio Books reading of full text
20. Temple of Amun-Re. Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom. 18th and 19th Dynasties. c. 1550 B.C.E. Cut sandstone and mud brick.
https://discoveringegypt.com/karnak-temple/
http://dlib.etc.ucla.edu/projects/Karnak/experience/AnimationsOfTheTempleModel/10
Video walk through of the site
21. Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut. Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom. 18th Dynasty. c. 1473-1458 B.C.E. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff and red granite.
http://www.ancientegyptonline.co.uk/hatshepsutmorttemple.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/making-mummies.html
22. Akhenaton, Nefertiti and three daughters. New Kingdom (Amarna). 18th Dynasty. c. 1353-1335 B.C.E. Limestone.
Planet Egypt: Temples of Power
23. Tutankhamun's tomb, innermost coffin. New Kingdom. 18th Dynasty. c. 1323 B.C.E. Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones.
24. Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead). New Kingdom. 19th Dynasty. C. 1275 B.C.E. Painted papyrus scroll.
25. Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Iraq). Neo-Assyrian. c. 720-705 B.C.E. Alabaster.
26. Athenian agora. Archaic through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E. to 150 C.E. Plan.
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/32.143.2/
US Soldier's view of the Lamassu
http://www.agathe.gr/overview/
27. Anavysos Kouros. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint.
http://ancient-greece.org/art/kouros.html
28. Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details.
29. Sarcophagus of the Spouses. Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terra cotta.
30. Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes. Persepolis, Iran. Persian. c. 520-465 B.C.E. Limestone.
http://www.persepolis3d.com/data_apadana/apadana_09.htm
https://www.britannica.com/place/Persepolis
http://www.stockholm360.net/fp.php?id=persepolis-great-stairway
31. Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) c. 510-500 B.C.E. Original temple of wood, mud brick or tufa (volcanic rock).
Virtual Reconstruction of the Temple of Minerva
32. Tomb of the Triclinium. Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan. c. 480-470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco.
33. Niobides Krater. Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460-450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique (white highlights).
http://www.ancient.eu/article/489/
http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/tools/pottery/shapes/default.htm
http://www.artbabble.org/video/aic/launchpad-ancient-greek-vase-production-and-red-figure-technique
34. Doryphoros (Spear Bearer). Polykleitos. Original 450-440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze).
https://www.learner.org/courses/globalart/work/138/index.html
35. Plan of the Acropolis. Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447-410 B.C.E. Marble.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGitmYl6U90
http://www.realmofhistory.com/2016/05/06/animations-historical-timeline-acropolis-parthenon/
http://www.ancient.eu/article/780/
http://ancient-greece.org/art/athena-nike-parapet.html
36. Grave Stele of Hegeso. Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint.
37. Winged Victory of Samothrace. Hellenistic Greece. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble
http://www.historychannel.com.au/this-day-in-history/nike-of-samothrace-discovered/
Virtual recreation of Samothrace
38. Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon. Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek. c. 175 B.C.E. Marble.
https://www.360cities.net/image/pergamon-museum
Virtual recreation of Pergamon
39. Plan for the House of Vettii. Pompeii, Italy. Imperial Rome. c. second century B.C.E.; rebuilt c. 62-79 C.E. Cut stone and fresco.
Virtual recreation of the House of Vetti
40. Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii. Republican Roman. c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic.
41. Seated Boxer. Hellenistic Greek. c. B.C.E. Bronze.
A Doctor's Critique of the Boxer and his injuries
42. Head of a Roman patrician. Republican Roman. c. 75-50 B.C.E. Marble.
http://www.hierarchystructure.com/ancient-rome-social-hierarchy/
43. Augustus of Prima Porta. Imperial Roman. Early first century C.E. Marble.
https://archaeology-travel.com/friday-find/augustus-prima-porta/
44. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman. 70-80 C.E. Stone and concrete.
http://www.ancient.eu/Colosseum/
Virtual recreation of the Colosseum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEh6W-luMKQ
45. Forum of Trajan. Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets: 106-112 C.E.; column completed 113 C.E.. Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column).
Virtual recreation of the Forum of Trajan
http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/roman-empire-first-century/
46. Pantheon. Imperial Rome. 118-125 C.E. Concrete with stone facing.
Virtual recreation of the Pantheon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0_vZp654uI
47. Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus. Late Imperial Roman. c. 250 C.E. Marble.
https://www.dma.org/collection/artwork/ancient-mediterranean/battle-sarcophagus
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