The major scale starts from the first note of the key and ends on the 8th note.
1 is the same as 8.
We can continue playing higher than the 8th note,so...
2 is the same as 9.
3 is the same as 10.
4 is the same as 11.
5 is the same as 12.
6 is the same as 13.
The 'relative minor' is the scale that starts at the 6th note and which continues through to the 13th note.
1st 4th 5th (8th) The major chords ( with their 'major' third note )
2nd 3rd 6th The minor chords ( with their 'flattened' third notes )
7th Diminished chord ( with its flattened 5th and 3rd notes )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e.g. In the key of C
C
Dm Em
F G
Am
Bdim
(C )
A typical pattern : play the 6th ( the relative minor first )
Drop down to the 2nd ,
go back up to the 6th
then finish with the 3rd.
6 6 6 6 > 2 2 2 2 > 6 6 6 6 > 3 3 3 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the key of A
A
Bm C#m
D E
F#m
G#dim
A
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the key of E
E
F#m G#m
A B
C#m
D#dim
E
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the key of D
D
Em F#m
G A
Bm
C#dim
D
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the key of G
G
Am Bm
C D
Em
F#dim
G
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------