1 (Kül tegin monument)
2 (Bust of Kul Tigin)
1 (Earliest extant map of the world by Ibn Hawqal, tenth century)
1 (Seal in the Mongolian script used by Güyük Khan in a letter to the Roman Pope Innocent IV, 1246)
1 (The Journeys of Ibn Batutta, 1332–1347)
2 (Algirdas’s seal (1366) that reads in Cyrillic “Olger seal of the Grand Prince”)
1 (Portrait of Guillebert de Lannoy)
1 (The Act of Dethronement Presented to Sigismund III)
2 (Portrait of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, c. 1650)
3 (Circassians and Nogais, c. 1650)
4 (The view of Tarki, the capital town of shamkhals – Kumyk rulers of Dagestan and the Northeast Caucasus, c. 1650)
5 (The Lower Volga and the view of Astrakhan, c. 1650)
6 (Crimean Tatar horseman, engraving by Abraham de Bruyn, 1575)
1 (The official portrait of Dmitry I that features the inscription “Demetrius Imperator Moschoviae”)
2 (Chukchi armor made with the iron sold by yasak collectors like Glebov and. Ivanov)
3 (The official portrait of Princess-Regent Sophia Alekseevna, the 1680s)
4 (Prince Vasily Golitsyn with the medal awarded to him for the 1687 campaign against the Crimean Khanate)
1 (The Joachimsthaler minted in 1525)
2 (The kopeck minted in 1713)
3 (Portrait of Ivan Kain in prison, made by one of his visitors in the 1750s)
1 (Golden medal awarded to the deputies of the legislative assembly, 1766)
2 (Salavat Yulaev's order for the mobilization of all men fit for military service, personally signed on March 23, 1774)
3 (A reconstruction of Catherine II’s plan)
1 (Portrait of Lars Gabriel von Haartman decorated with the Russian imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky (top) and the Order of Saint Prince Vladimir, second class (below))
2 (Zamlu Gadzhibekova’s flight on the Google Maps)
3 (A color photograph of aul Arakani by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1904)
4 (The elder of aul Arakani with his wife, a color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1904)
5 (Shamil’s photo, 1859)
1 (Chokan Valikhanov in 1860)
2 (Resettlement of Circassians in the Ottoman Empire)
3 (Tahskent’s walls at the turn of the 1870s)
4 (Samarkand bazaar at the turn of the 1870s)
1 (Volodymyr Antonovich (seated on the right) with fellow Polish “peasant-lovers” at the turn of the 1860s)
2 (The first page of The Peasants’ Truth, no. 2)
3 (Konstanty Kalinowski in 1862 or 1863)
4 (A student, by Nikolai Yaroshenko, 1881)
5 (A female student, by Nikolai Yaroshenko, 1883)
1 (Moscow, Tverskaya Street in 1896)
2 (A map of the Caucasus in the Russian Empire (1905), Guria is located at exactly 42 degrees North latitude and 42 degrees East longitude, in the northeastern corner of G5)
3 (A meeting of the Black Banner anarchist group in Minsk, 1906)
4 (A monarchist demonstration in Odessa after the proclamation of the 1905 October Manifesto)
5 (Alikhan Bukeikhanov circa 1906)
1 (Ekaterina Sakharova in 1901)
2 (Moscow in the winter of 1908)
3 (A young peasant woman from a northwestern Rusian village, color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1909)
4 (Harvesters in a Rusian village not far from St. Petersburg province, color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1909)
5 (A young Bashkir peasant from Yahya village, summer 1910, color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii)
1 (A serviceman of the Crimean Cavalry Regiment, a 1914 postcard)
2 (A family of Kazakh nomads, color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1905–1915)
3 (A farm of Rusian settlers in Turkestan, color photograph by Sergei Pogudin-Gorskii, 1905–1915)
4 (Russia in 1917: a POW camp; unloading the wounded from an ambulance train; the Czechoslovak Legion (1918): its armored train Prague, artillery, and parade)