Planet
By JY
My central idea: we should be ready to go to another planet, because Earth might be destroyed.
My lines of inquiry
- Connection: how can we survive on Mars?
- Causation: why do we need to go to Mars?
- Function: How many months will it take to go to Mars?
Mars
What is Mars?
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. Mars has two moon Phobos and Deimos. It is 36 million miles from the Earth. It’s the second smallest major planet in the Solar System. Mars is roughly half size of Earth, but is less dense leaving it with only 37% of Earth’s gravity. A 100 kg would weigh just under 38 kg on Mars. The air on Mars is 95% carbon dioxide making breathing impossible for humans. Mars has an elliptical orbit and is an average distance of 141 million miles from the Sun. It takes Mars 687 Earth days to orbit around the Sun and the Martian day is about half an hour longer than a day on Earth.
Mars is made up of land and soil that we can step on unlike other planets.
Mars has the tallest volcano in the solar system. The lowest location on Mars is four times deeper and ten times longer than Earth’s Grand Canyon.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhRRm9l8XzY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1y3ClNyPRlg&t=331s
Why would we go to Mars?
1. By changes in the temperature of the Earth.
If the Earth’s temperature becomes terribly hot or cold, we need to leave for another planet. The graph shows us that the Earth’s temperature is much higher than it was 50~100 years ago. As Earth’s climate continues to warm, the intensity and amount of rainfall during storms such as hurricanes is expected to increase. When the whole Earth’s temperature changes by one or two degrees, that change can have big impacts on the health of Earth's plants and animals, too.
2. Because all the water and food on Earth are gone.
The good news is Earth isn’t going run out of water anytime soon. The water we have doesn’t exactly disappear. when it rains, it becomes water, and when it snows, it melts and becomes water. The problem is most of that water about 77%percent is salt water. And the freshwater we need is mostly frozen at the poles. But some exist in river streams, which is good for us!! Those sources get replenished from rainfall., which is even better. As the number of people began to increase, the amount of water used increased rapidly. More and more people are suffering from water shortages. The most damaging of them are farmers. Food prices will rise if farmers run out of water to grow crops and plants. Then poor people might die, because they don’t have money for food to eat.
3.
Because an asteroid hits Earth.
Many people believe that an asteroid hit Earth and it wiped out the dinosaurs and 80% of every living thing on the earth. The best way to save yourself is to travel to the opposite side of the world then the asteroid is expected to hit. You also would need to get underground or under water. You won’t be able to see the asteroid in the sky until 24 hours before it hits. It will shine in the night sky, but it will likely look like a new planet about two and a half hours before impact. You will see it shooting towards Earth. When it reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, it will fall in silence while it travels at many times the speed of sound. AMAZING!!
Food you can eat on Mars
What kind of food does an astronaut eat in space?
An astronaut can choose from many types of foods such as fruits, nuts, peanut butter, chicken, beef, seafood, candy, brownies, etc. Available drinks include coffee, tea, orange juice, fruit punches and lemonade. As on Earth, space food comes in disposable packages.
What kind of plants can survive on Mars?
Astronauts have proven that cabbages that are eaten in space are safe. Plants grown in space have more bacteria because they have to grow in warmer, hotter, and more confined spaces. But lettuce is safe from spreading such bad bacteria to the human body. potatoes and onions can be grown on Mars because they can survive in less water.
The plans
NASA is now expanding the range of produce grown onboard the ISS. There are plans for bok choy, dragoon lettuce, wasabi mustard and red Russian kale to be grown later this year, as well as tomatoes and peppers. It will be longer before these can be transformed into a stir fry, however. "We have nowhere to cook up so we're looking at things that taste good fresh," said Massa on ISS.
https://newsela.com/read/space-veggies/id/2001006552/?search_id=5a1bfa10-51b2-43df-bd81-00283e52d57c
Water
When scientists look for life on other planets, one of the important things they look for is water. Specifically, they want to find large amounts of water. Mars is not the dry planet that we thought of in the past. Scientists never found Liquid water on a surface anywhere beyond Earth. Liquid water has been found on Mars. there is a lake on Mars. Scientists cannot see the bottom of the lake with existing equipment. However, they estimate it is at least three feet deep. Evidence of water has been seen on Mars many times. However, it is usually ancient, quick to disappear or frozen. people wondered if there could be water at the base of Mars' ice caps. That would be similar to the North and South Poles on Earth. Green said that a lander mission called InSight could help. The lander is set to touch down in November. It will drill five yards into the ground and measure temperature. That will allow scientists to understand how the heat flows out of the planet. They want to know if the temperature is high enough there to keep water in liquid form underground. Several researchers say it's important to find out if the water is part of a network of other underground lakes. A network like this would increase the chances of life existing.
https://newsela.com/read/mars-ice-cap-water/id/45001/?search_id=13db3688-c1d4-43f3-84ab-dbcd486f87f2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Td21eZDrpf4&t=198s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gksddX9N26w&t=66s
Clothes
Clothes to wear on Mars
Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s about 100 times thinner than Earth’s atmosphere. So you have to wear your spacesuit. If you are not able to breathe.
What is spacesuit?
Space suits are five times heavier than our usual clothes.
The spacesuit protects the astronaut from the dangers of being outside in space.The formal name for the spacesuit used on the space shuttle and International Space Station is the Extravehicular Mobility Unit, or EMU.
How do space suits work?
A space suit protects astronauts from those extreme temperatures. The oxygen tank provides oxygen for astronauts to breathe in space.The suits contain water to drink during .Protect astronauts from being injured from impacts of small bits of space dust.
What is a space suit made of?
- Nylon Tricot.
- Spandex.
- Urethane coated Nylon.
- Neoprene coated Nylon.
- Mylar.
- Gore Tex.
- Kevlar.
- Dacron
Academic Honesty
- Wikipedia Space suits https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_suit
Sleeping in space
astronauts have to attach themselves so they don't float around and bump into something. Space station crews usually sleep in sleeping bags located in small crew cabins. Each crew cabin is just big enough for one person. astronauts are scheduled for eight hours of sleep at the end of each mission day. Like on Earth, though, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep period to use the toilet, or stay up late and look out the window.
The only difference is that each astronaut has a different sleeping time. Because some of the them have to make sure that the spaceship is safe.
Having a free time!!
Living in space is not just all work and no play. Astronauts like to have fun, too. If you're staying on the International Space Station for a few months, it is certainly okay to look out the window, play with your food or tease your crewmates once . Like most people who work full time, astronauts get weekends off. On any given day, crew members can watch movies, play music, read books, play cards and talk to their families.
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/stem-on-station/ditl_free_time
Temperature
Mars may look hot, but It's pretty cold. In orbit, Mars is about 50 million miles farther away from the Earth. That means, it gets a lot less light and heat to keep it warm. And Mars's atmosphere is 100 times thinner than Earth's atmosphere. So heat from the sun can easily escape. You'd better wear a space suit to keep your body warm because it's 0 degrees Celsius when the sun is up and minus 126 degrees Celsius when the sun sets.
How many months will it take to get to Mars?
150~300 days
How do we land on Mars safely?
- With a small- to mid-size rover, use a cushion of airbags along with retro rockets.
- Impact at 30 miles an hour and bounce to a stop.
- With a large lander, use retro rockets and landing legs to touch down, going about six miles an hour.
- Or, with a large, heavy rover, use a big jet pack to slow down to under two miles an hour. Then, gently lower it on cables to land on its wheels.
