The science of reading is the converging evidence of what matters and what works in literacy instruction.
The science of reading has demonstrated the methods that best help children learn to read, from the earliest steps in spoken language to being able to successfully decode unfamiliar words.
Learning to read for understanding requires sounding out and recognizing words—decoding—but it also requires making meaning of the words and sentences we hear—language comprehension.
Research is clear about what matters to teach in early literacy instruction: phonological awareness, phonics and word recognition, fluency, vocabulary and oral language comprehension, and text comprehension.
1. Show them the cover
Before reading to your child, show them the cover of the book and ask them questions about it. This is a great way to engage their interest and work their imagination.
2. Test your child's interest and progress
Children can be easily distracted. To keep them focused ask questions such as how they think the characters are feeling? What do they think will happen next? This helps to keep them interested and tests their predictive skills.
3. Check newly acquired skills
Stories contain diversified vocabulary. Whenever new words pop up, make them guess the meaning by using picture clues.
Break down sentences they do not understand and constantly ask simple question.
4. Make it engaging
Children tend to be more attentive when the story comes to life.
They need to differentiate between characters to follow the plot. Using separate voices and nuancing lines is a good trick.
5. Get feedback from your child
At the end of the book ask your child what they enjoyed or disliked about the story and explain why.
Asking these types of questions improves their oral fluency.
It also encourages them to form opinions and gives them the confidence to express their preferences more.