I then proceeded to conduct a significance test for p̂1 -  p̂2 to determine if there was a statistically significant difference In the proportion of on-screen time for the two types of sponsorship and a significance test for μ1 - μ2 to determine If there was a statistically significant difference between the average number of on-screen appearances of the two types of sponsorship. I was unable to determine that there was a statistically significant difference between the proportion of vaping sponsorship on-screen and the proportion of cigarette sponsorship as the difference I observed, according to the data, could've occurred by random chance alone. However, the data did provide some evidence for a difference between the average number of appearances of the two types of sponsorship as the difference I observed was statistically significant 

Specifically one of the data analysis (T-distribution) supported my hypothesis and the other (normal distribution) did not support my hypothesis that tobacco sponsorship would shift from cigarette brands to vaping brands across these 5 seasons. The data Is limited In Its scope as It doesn't portray the whole picture of tobacco sponsorship since I only randomly selected 6 races from each season rather than analyzing all of them due to time constraints. Additionally, due to using the visual observation method, data can vary from observer characteristics as some may use a stricter metric for what constitutes an on-screen mention, or how long sponsorship remains on-screen. Ultimately tobacco sponsorship changing to meet the demand of younger consumers through the transition from less-appealing cigarettes to vastly more appealing vape and chew products has major implications In the long run. In fact as the American Academy of Pediatrics notes the appeal of vape and chew products has the potential to overturn 50 years of work to reduce the prevalence of tobacco amongst children.  

Reflection

• I handled the uncertainty of the research process by continually adjusting my methods and logistics to make sure I could complete my data collection and analysis within the timeframe I had. I shifted the number of races, the type of data collected, and even which races to analyze In response to the uncertainty of the research process. I also made sure to maximize In-class and out-of-class time to ensure I completed all of the data collection I sought out to. 

• Thinking back to the Initial Inquiry process, I had originally planned to analyze the prevalence of alcohol sponsorship as well since there are similar health concerns about alcohol as there are about tobacco and the skills I've learned throughout this research process can help me undergo a similar project to determine the changes In alcohol sponsorship over time. Specifically, the methods I've learned, the perseverance I've developed, and the adaptability I've  implemented could all help me with this and other research endeavors.