Key words

Potential difference (voltage): The amount of energy shifted from the battery to the moving charge, or from the charge to circuit components, in volts (V).

Resistance: A property of a component, making it difficult for charge to pass through, in ohms (Ω).

Electrical conductor: A material that allows current to flow through it easily, and has a low resistance.

Electrical insulator: A material that does not allow current to flow easily,

Charge: what flows in an electric circuit 

Coulomb: A unit of charge (what charge is measured in)

Negatively charged: An object that has gained electrons as a result of the charging process.

Positively charged: An object that has lost electrons as a result of the charging process.

Electrons: Tiny particles which are part of atoms and carry a negative charge.

Charged up: When materials are rubbed together, electrons move from one surface to the other.

Electrostatic force: Non-contact force between two charged objects.

Current: Rate of flow of electric charge, in amperes (A).

In series: If components in a circuit are on the same loop.

In parallel: If some components are on separate loops.

Field: The area where other objects feel an electrostatic force.