Subtraction

This strategy encourages students to select a total number of objects specified by the minuend and then complete the subtraction problem by crossing out the number of objects represented by the subtrahend. These activities can be completed using Boom Cards. 

The Pros: In having students practice using this strategy, students will use CRA to represent mathematical concepts. Students can benefit from practicing this strategy and will hopefully use it in the future to complete other math problems. This strategy also encourages students to practice counting.  

The Cons: Crossing out can lead to mistakes if students lose focus, get distracted, or do not fully understand the concept of 'taking away'. 

In this strategy, students can be introduced to subtraction problems by finding the missing numeral. This method can be used with missing subtrahends, minuends, or the difference itself.

The Pros: This strategy challenges and enriches students who may be ready to advance to the next concept. 

The Cons: This strategy is both difficult to teach and difficult for students to practice because of the inability of students to visualize what amount they are subtracting. With manipulatives or even illustrated representations, students can easily see how much was added or taken away.