Executive Brief

Based on o 2021 World Bank estimate, the Philippines' learning-adjusted years of school would have been pushed back from 7.5 years pre-pandemic to 5.9-6.5 years, depending on the duration of further school closures and the effectiveness of distance learning. Based on this estimate, Filipino students only exhibit proficiency of around 6 years in school in spite of 12 years of Instruction (Cho. Katooka, Pita, 2021). Meanwhile, a recent report from UNICEF, in partnership with UNESCO and the World Bank (2022), found that less than 15% of 10-year-olds in the country can read a simple text.