๐ Long periods of practice and limited break time.ย
๐ Practice interval is always longer then the rest interval.ย
Example: A gymnast learning a handstand, where drills continue until fatigue or other factors make practice of limited benefit or cram studying the night before an exam.
๐ Massed practice works best when participants are:ย
Highly motivated
Experienced
Fresh
Unable to attend a number of sessions.
When the skill is not complex
๐ Taking frequent breaks or alternating practice between activities.
๐ For example: Working out at the gym a few days a week or a gymnast would practice the handstand over a number of sessions, or perhaps on different occasions during the one session.
๐ Distributed practice works best when:
Performer lacks interest
Performer is inexperienced
Task is complex/difficult
Motivation is low
Task causes fatigue
Excessive work causes discomfortย
Ideal for beginners (those in cognitive stage of skill acquisition)
Sentence starters:
โ๏ธ Heading a soccer ball is benefitical to break down the skill because...
โ๏ธ Taking breaks is beneficial when learning how to head a ball because...
โ๏ธ Distributing practise when learning how to head a ball is important because...
Points to consider:
๐กinjury
๐กcontrol
๐ก
๐ Demonstrating and teaching the skill as a complete skill.
๐ Good for experienced performers.
๐ Good for illustrating what is required before breaking skill down into parts.
๐ Good for skills that have interrelated parts that need to be performed together for best effect eg, basketball jump shot, swimming or running.
๐ For example: driving a car, saying a speech or playing a whole game of soccer.
๐ Part practice is when the skill is broken down into its smaller parts and each part is practiced in isolation before being joined together.ย
๐ It is often used for teaching serial skills that have smaller skills that make up the larger skill.
๐ For example: learning the steps to a basketball layup, swinging a golf stick or learning a complex dance routine.
ย ๐ ๐ ๐ CHALLENGEย ๐ ๐ ๐
Teacher will demonstrate how point with one hand and do a thumbs up with the other hand with the aim to swap positions.
Replicate the challenge as a whole. Your teacher will break part practise the steps to succeed.
๐ Part practice for less experienced and beginner (cognitive stage).
๐ Whole practice for more experienced athlete (autonomous stage).
๐ A coach might use both because whole practice can show the athlete the end product, then look to break it down to focus on key parts, then return to whole practice to put it all together.ย
๐ Parts of a complex skill being learnt separately.
๐ Learnt parts being added together to form larger and larger parts.
๐ Continues until the whole skill is practised.
๐ For example: learning the guitar chords separately and then playing them together or learning the arm and leg movements of breaststroke separately and putting them together.ย ย
๐๏ธ Must be specifically related to the activity or game played.
๐๏ธ Make training situations as similar to games as possible.
๐๏ธ Should vary according to the skill level of the learner.
๐๏ธ The practice conditions should also be varied.
๐ง Distributed practice is shown to be much more effective for long-term learning and retention...
๐ง Massed practice would be beneficial for a marathon athlete...
๐ง Most team sports use distributed practice...
๐ง Part practice is most useful for experienced athletes...
๐ง Whole practice is most effective when there are various parts of the body involved...
๐ง Progressive part practice would be effective for a volleyball team practicing their serve and return...
ย Driving Question
Identify the qualities of effective practice by considering factors such as duration and frequency.