Personal protective equipment (PPE) is clothing or equipment that is worn for protection against hazards. In health care settings, this includes items such as gloves, gowns, masks and eye protection. PPE should be used in any situation where you need to create a barrier between yourself and non-intact skin, body fluids, or mucous membranes.
The choice of which PPE to use is based on the risk of being exposed to contamination, and the possible means of transmission.
In health care, PPE is a first line of defense to protect the wearer from potentially contracting a pathogen or other harmful substance into the body.
In other industries it's used to protect hearing, and the physical body. Things like steel-toed boots and hard hats help prevent injury.