Archive

Organizers of the Online Conference in 2021

The conference is organized by Jojanneke van der Toorn (Utrecht University, Leiden University, The Netherlands), Maria Laura Bettinsoli (New York University Abu Dhabi), Masi Noor (Keele University, UK) and Paulina Górska (University of Warsaw, Poland).

Below you can find abstracts for all contributions of 2021 conference

*** Keynotes ***

Presenter: Thekla Morgenroth (University of Exeter)

Title- The maintenance and defense of the gender/sex binary

Abstract- The gender/sex binary refers to the belief that there are two genders, following directly from biological sex, with oppositional and complementary roles. We propose a framework of the perpetuation of the gender/sex binary, arguing that the gender/sex binary is maintained through the alignment of character (woman vs. man), costume (feminine vs. masculine appearance), and script (feminine vs. masculine behavior) on a stage (physical and cultural context) which highlights binary gender/sex performance. When character, costume, and script are not aligned, or when attempts to dismantle the stage are made, the gender/sex binary is disrupted, which can elicit different forms of threat and lead to efforts to alleviate this threat by reinforcing the gender/sex binary. In two studies we examine the role that gender identification plays in these processes. We find that stronger gender identification is associated with more binary views of gender/sex and, in turn, prejudice against non-binary people and opposition to the use of gender-neutral pronouns. Additionally, stronger gender identification seems to specifically increase opposition to policies that aim to abolish gender/sex categories, rather than those who advocate for a third gender/sex category.

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Presenter: Marie Gustafsson Sendén (Stockholm University)

Title: Implementing gender-neutral pronouns – attitudes, use and consequences

Abstract: Gender-neutral pronouns can promote inclusion and gender equality. Swedish was one of the first languages to present three formal third-person singular pronouns in the dictionary, by adding a third, gender-neutral, pronoun hen, to she (hon) and he (han). Hen can to refer to non-binary people and be used as a generic pronoun. In this talk, two sets of studies will be presented. The first set of studies focuses on attitudes and use of hen over an eight-year time period, from 2011 to 2018, and captures three phases: when hen was proposed and debated (2011-2014), when hen was implemented in the Swedish dictionary (2015), and a follow-up 3 years later (2018). These studies show how the attitudes and use changed, and also what individual factors that influence attitudes and use. The second set of studies focuses on how mental representations of gender are affected by gender-neutral pronouns. Using experimental designs, we show that when people read about fictive persons referred to with different gender-neutral pronouns and nouns, hen has the power to decrease both a male and a normative bias. Altogether, these studies show that gender-neutral pronouns can pave the way for a more gender inclusive society.

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Presenter: Dominika Bulska (social psychologist , PhD. Candidate at University of Warsaw)

Title: Situation of LGBTA Persons in Poland

Abstract: This talk aims to discuss results of the biggest study on LGBT+ community in Poland, conducted every 4-5 years since 2005. The aim of the study is to carry out an in-depth sociological and psychological analysis of the living conditions of LGBT+ persons in Poland. Main results from wave 2015-16 will be presented and compared to results from 2019-2020 wave.

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Presenter: Julia Scholz, (University of Cologne)

Title: Plea for a postmodern queering psychology

Abstract: This talk aims to discuss future directions and is a plea for a postmodern queering psychology that does not repeat and stabilize regulatory practices of domination. As European researchers, we have, due to our onto-epistemological power, a high responsibility for how we conceptualize the phenomena we are dealing with. There is a risk of (unreflected) preservation of norms about sex, gender and desire when applying labels which are full of preconditions. A queering psychology would look at exactly these preconditions and the doing and emergence. That means we have to study the doing of sex characteristics, the doing of sexual orientation or the doing of gender identity and to look at the enabling configurations instead of researching an assumed stable being. We can investigate the regulatory practices instead of inconsiderately participating in them. Additionally we can study consequences of certain practices and investigate how and where other realizations are possible. While this acknowledges the agency of conditions, it also increases the degrees of freedom within the experience, feeling, thought and behavior of people. A postmodern queering psychology would use situated configurations to diminish domination but enrich possibilities.

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Presenter: Léïla Eisner, University of Lausanne, Tabea Hässler, University of Zurich

Title: The Swiss LGBTIQ+ Panel: Understanding the Impacts of Political Changes on Individuals’ Lives

Abstract: In Switzerland, LGBTIQ+ individuals are still deprived of many rights. For example, same-sex marriage and joint adoption are not legal. The legal situation for LGBTIQ+ individuals is, however, changing. In February 2020, 63.1% of Swiss citizens voted in favor of extending an anti-discrimination law to also cover sexual orientation. In addition, a public referendum on legalizing same-sex marriage will be held in the near future. Driven by this changing political climate, we decided to launch a yearly Swiss LGBTIQ+ panel early 2019. After a first successful data collection (N = 1’664), we launched a second wave of data collection in December 2019 (N = 1’705). In March 2020, participants were contacted again for a follow-up questionnaire (N = 650) assessing the impact of the February 2020 referendum on LGBTIQ+ individuals’ lives such as feeling of inclusion and well-being. The aim of the Swiss LGBTIQ+ panel is to not only gather data to advance academic knowledge, but to also bridge the gap between academia and community by offering relevant material to associations and policy makers about the situation of LGBTIQ+ individuals in Switzerland. This presentation will feature the Swiss LGBTIQ+ panel, its relevance for research and the wider audience, and first empirical findings.

*** Blitz Talks ***

Break-out room 1 (moderator Jojanneke van der Toorn)

First Author: Joseph D. Wellman (University of Mississippi)

Title: Bias from within vs. without: Consequences for gay Black men's self-esteem and group identification

Abstract: Few studies have empirically investigated the effects that ingroup prejudice has on the wellbeing of people with multiple stigmatized identities. We hypothesized that experiencing prejudice from the ingroup would be particularly harmful. Study 1, examined the association between percieved racism from the ingroup (LGBT community) and wellbeing among gay Black men (GBM; N=99). Partial correlations indicated that after controlling for other sources of prejudice (racism from Whites; sexual prejudice), racism from the ingroup was negatively associated with the wellbeing. Study 2 (N=264 GBM) experimentally examine if prejudice source (ingroup vs. outgroup) and prejudice type (racism vs. sexual prejudice) affected GBM’s wellbeing. Participants were randomly assigned to read an article that discussed incidences of 1) racism from the LGBT community, 2) racism from Whites, 3) sexual prejudice from the Black community, or 4) sexual prejudice from heterosexuals. In all conditions discrimination towards one of the participants identities was highlighted and the perpetrating group was portrayed to share (ingroup) or not share(outgroup) one of their identities. In the racism from LGBT condition, GBM reported lower self-esteem, perceived control, and gay group identification relative to the other conditions. We discuss the role group stereotypes and expectations may play in these outcomes.

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First Author: Amanda Klysing (Lund University)

Title: Stereotype Content at the Intersection of Gender and Sexual Orientation: Heterocentrism in Gender Stereotypes

Abstract: Previous research on gender stereotype content may only be representative for high status subgroups such as heterosexual women and men. This heterocentrism can contribute to invisibility for other intersections of gender and sexual orientation. The two current studies are the first to investigate stereotype content at the intersection of gender and sexual orientation in Sweden, and one of the first to include bisexuality. Both studies measured stereotypes for women and men in general, and hetero-, homo- and bisexual women and men, by explicit ratings of communion and agency for these groups, and Study 2 included two Single-Category IATs for warmth and competence. Study 1 included a community sample (N=824) and Study 2 included a sample representative for the Swedish population (N=424). Results show that the gender stereotype content for ‘women’ and ‘men’ only overlap with the stereotype content for heterosexual same gender targets. Homosexual and bisexual categories were rated as more similar to the non-congruent gender category than same gender heterosexual categories, which supports the intersectional invisibility hypothesis. There was no significant relation between implicit attribute associations and gender or sexual orientation. The heterocentrism of general gender stereotype content is discussed from an intersectional perspective.

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First Author: Melanie Steffens (University of Koblenz-Landau)

Title: LGBT identity intersections: An attempt to integrate theoretical models of impression formation

Abstract: Can existing models of person perception predict impressions formed of individuals with intersections of different minority identities, such as LGBT people in Germany who are Turkish migrants? A review of the literature suggests that enough separate models exist to account for any possible pattern of findings obtained (e.g., negative discrimination of targets with a minority identity, positive discrimination, and null findings). This is theoretically undesirable. The aim of the present talk is to integrate theoretical models of impression formation and apply them to identity intersections. The basis of our reasoning is formed by the stereotype-content model highlighting the warmth and competence dimensions and the lack-of-fit model brought forward to explain gender bias. As the frame, we use Fiske and Neuberg’s four-stage continuum model of impression formation, ranging from category-based to individualized. We suggest that many processes can be assigned to the different stages of the continuum model (e.g., subtyping, attributional augmenting). We consider how empirical findings pertaining to identity intersections can be accounted for by this model. We suggest novel study designs for arriving at a deeper understanding of impression formation of individuals with intersecting social identities.

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Break-out room 2 (moderator Paulina Górska)

First Author: Bona Hutahaean (Maastricht University)

Title: Fear, stigma and lack of knowledge: Psychological determinants of HIV testing and HIV therapy (ARV) uptake in Indonesia within the 90-90-90 cascade of HIV prevention

Abstract: The HIV epidemic in Indonesia is serious public health issue. WHO aims of the 90-90-90 cascade (i.e. percentage of individuals tested, in treatment and virally suppressed) are not yet reached, hence it is important to investigate psychological hurdles and determinants for HIV testing and ARV uptake.

We conducted a mixed-method approach with a survey among young men-having-sex-with-men (MSM 16-24yrs) to investigate HIV testing determinants (n= 312), and two interview studies (n = 20 each) with HIV infected individuals (PLHIV) and health care providers on hurdles of ARV initiation.

HIV testing is low, only 49% got tested within the last 12 months. HIV testing was determined by (lack of) knowledge, chi2=12.27, p<.0001, but not by negative emotions such as fear. The interview studies with PLHIV showed that ARV initiation was hindered by fear of side effects, stigmatization as PLHIV and lack of knowledge. Interviews with healthcare providers confirmed these findings, but also showed evidence for negative stereotypes towards PLHIV.

To improve HIV prevention, HIV testing and ARV initiation in Indonesia have to be improved. Psychological determinants show that education, de-stigmatization and taking away fears are the most pressing, and the attitude of health care providers need to be changed, too.

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First Author: Ulrich Klocke (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)

Title: The situation of LGBTI in school: What makes teachers take responsibility?

Abstract: Homophobia and transphobia at schools are still at a high level. However, what makes teachers and other educational staff intervene against discrimination of LGBTI and increase LGBTI visibility? We surveyed two samples: (a) 1162 teachers in Germany and (b) 534 educational professionals (82% teachers) in 43 randomly sampled schools in Berlin. Respondents were asked about their own behavior with regard to LGBTI and about possible predictors.

Teachers and other educational professionals took more action in favor of LGBTI students when they had participated in relevant qualification measures, had access to teaching materials depicting LGBTI, taught subjects in which LGBTI should or can be taken into account (e.g. biology, ethics, religion, politics, or languages), had personal contact to several LGBTI people, knew how to intervene against discrimination, knew that their behavior is able to enhance their student’s acceptance of diversity and assumed that some of their own students are LGBTI. Controlling for other variables, professionals’ own sexual orientation had almost no effect on their behavior. These results show how a combination of training, guidelines and access to suitable teaching materials can enable and motivate teachers to make schools a safer and more accepting place for sexual and gender minority students.

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First Author: Daniel Jolley (Northumbria University)

Title: Exploring the relationship between HIV conspiracy theories and sexual risk in gay males

Abstract: Almost four decades after its first clinical observations, HIV remains a significant public health challenge globally. In the UK, gay men are disproportionately affected by HIV and, despite HIV awareness, many individuals nonetheless engage in behaviours that put them at risk of infection. The motives underpinning risk behaviour are complex. For example, there is evidence that gay men generally experience high levels of homophobia across the life course (Chard et al., 2015), which may lead to risky sexual behaviours (McDermott, et al., 2008). Irrational beliefs such as conspiracy theorising may also cloud judgement and lead to risk behaviours (e.g., Bogart & Thorburn, 2005). In a sample of 232 white gay men in the UK, preliminary analyses demonstrated that experiences of homophobia and reported negative contact with health care professionals, were associated with increased belief in HIV conspiracy theories. Moreover, we found that homophobia and negative contact predicted negative attitudes towards preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), via an increased belief in HIV conspiracy theories. Our research not only provides insight into the nature of HIV conspiracy beliefs in gay men but showcase possible antecedents of HIV conspiracy theories in this minority community.

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Break-out room 3 (moderator Masi Noor)

First Author: Jenny Paterson (Northumbria University)

Title: Listening To The Community: Attitudes of LGBTQI people towards using restorative justice for hate crimes

Abstract: In the UK and many other countries, hate crimes against LGBTQI individuals automatically receive an enhanced sentence (e.g., additional jail time). While such punitive sentences recognise the severity of hate crime offences, restorative justice (RJ) has been proposed as a more constructive justice response to hate motivated attacks because it aims to support the needs of both victims and perpetrators. In a cross-sectional study (N = 589), we revealed that, whilst there was some support for enhanced sentencing, LGBTQI participants overall were more supportive of RJ than enhanced prison sentences. In a further experiment (N = 120), LGBTQI participants who read about an RJ intervention, compared to an enhanced sentence, were more satisfied, happier, and less angry with the justice outcome because RJ was perceived to be more beneficial to both the victim and the perpetrator. Together the findings provide compelling evidence that, despite current policy resistance, LGBTQI individuals who are commonly targeted in hate crimes view RJ as a suitable justice response that should be used in conjunction with enhanced sentencing for hate crimes. Such results stress the importance of listening to the voices of this minority community when developing sentencing policies and guidelines.

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First Author: Eva Magdolna Kantas (Eötvös Loránd University)

Title: The role of heterosexuality in gender attitudes: do gay people accept harmful gender ideologies less than straights for real?

Abstract: According to Ambivalent Sexism Theory (Glick & Fiske, 1996), heterosexual intimacy plays an important role in accepting and maintaining sexist ideologies, suggesting that due to lack of heterosexual intimacy, non-heterosexuals might be less committed to ambivalent sexist attitudes than heterosexuals. In our on-line survey study, we examined differences in the approval of sexist ideologies and of perceived threat (by men) among straight (N=583) and self-identified gay and lesbian participants (N=112). In addition to analysis of variance, our procedure was complemented by correlation and regression analysis. Our results confirmed that non-heterosexual participants manifested significantly less benevolence toward the ‘other gender’ than straight participants; however, gay men expressed similar level of hostility towards women as straight men, while lesbians had the highest score on hostile attitudes toward men from all the groups. The fact that lesbian participants reported the greatest perceived threat (compared to others) explains the latter. Our results were in harmony of the predictions of the Ambivalent Sexism Theory that heterosexual interdependency, or the lack of it, besides gender group belonging and sexual minority status, influences the extent whether ambivalent attitudes toward women and men are accepted or rejected, and thus commitment to the gender status quo.

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First Author: Esra Ummak (Oslo University)

Title: Internalized heterosexism and exposed psychological intimate partner violence: Experiences of lesbian and bisexual women in Turkey and Denmark

Abstract: Psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that profoundly affects not only heterosexuals but also lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex, and plus (LGBTI+) populations who have severe mental health problems. Lesbian and bisexual women (LBs) both in Denmark and Turkey are not exempt from it. Many studies have attempted to understand IPV among LGBTI+ populations through internalized heterosexism, which is evaluated as a risk factor. However, few studies have examined how cultural variables interact in LBs’ lives in the relationship between internalized heterosexism and psychological IPV victimization. This interaction is still ambiguous and merits further investigation. The current study has two purposes. The first one is to investigate (a) the prevalence of and (b) sexual orientation and country differences in psychological IPV victimization. The second one is to explore the moderating role of sexual orientation and the moderated-moderation role of the country on the association between internalized heterosexism and psychological IPV victimization. A sample of 449 LBs from Denmark and Turkey completed the Bisexual Adapted-Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale (BA-LIHS) and the Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse Scale (MMEA). The results of chi-square analyses indicated that LBs from Turkey and bisexual women from both countries reported significantly higher psychological IPV victimization. The results of moderated-moderation analyses revealed that lesbians in Turkey and bisexuals in Denmark with higher internalized heterosexism were more prone to be verbally attacked by their partners.

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*** Posters ***

Poster presentations can be found here!

First Author: Miriam Wickham (Utrecht University)

Title: Man/woman: The impact of the gender binary system on potential career choices

Abstract: Recent societal initiatives (e.g. gender-neutral clothing, toilets and greetings) highlight the ongoing shift of gender away from binary categories: “man/woman”. These initiatives are designed to include people who identify as a “third gender”. However, they also have the potential to reduce gender gaps more generally, e.g., in the job market. Across three studies we examined how, and under which conditions, framing gender in a non-binary way can positively impact people’s own gendered career choices. In all studies, we showed participants articles and/or videos that either argued for the gender-binary, gender-neutrality, or neither (control). We asked participants to indicate their interest (Study 1) in various masculine and feminine jobs, and to rate the perceived status and gender-typicality of the job (Studies 2 and 3). We found that our manipulation interacted with participant gender, perceived job status, and gender-typicality of the job to predict how interested participants were in each job. We conclude that framing gender in a neutral way may have a small but significant positive impact on reducing the gender gap in labour, particularly for lower status jobs.

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First Author: Emma Sarter (UCLouvain)

Title: Is there a gender difference in attitudes towards trans* people? A literature review.

Abstract: In the last two decades, social psychologists have shown an increasing interest in the study of transphobia. This emerging topic is relevant to the social psychology of sex and gender for several reasons. For example, individual studies tend to show that cisgender men are more negative towards trans* people than cisgender women (e.g., Brassel &amp; Anderson, 2019; Nagoshi et al., 2008). In light of this difference among cisgender people, it is surprising that opposition to trans rights is more often articulated as a feminist position than a men-centered one in popular debates. One might question this gender difference in trans prejudice and wonder if these more positive attitudes towards trans* people are noticeable only for certain types of cisgender women and linked to possible moderators. We expect certain beliefs (e.g., beliefs in – and defense of – gender binary) and situational perceived threats to moderate the link between gender and trans prejudice. A systematic review of the literature on transphobia was conducted to examine any gender differences in trans prejudice. 4825 records were retrieved from the PsycInfo database and

underwent the selection process. A report on the findings of the 100 articles that were included in the final analysis will be presented.

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First Author: Fabio Fasoli (University of Surrey)

Title: He sounds strange! Categorisation and first impression of non-standard accented and gay-sounding male voices.

Abstract: Individuals belong to multiple social groups that can be signalled by voice. Voice affects perception of a speaker as a foreigner and gay individual, priming distinct group memberships simultaneously. Here, we examined the interplay of vocal cues signalling both a foreign and a sexual minority identity on social categorisation and stereotyping. In Study 1, British participants (N = 90) listened to voices of 20 British and 20 Italian speakers, half gay and half heterosexuals, uttering English sentences. Participants judged the speakers’ sexual orientation, nationality, and whether they were English native speakers. Participants were generally inaccurate at categorising speakers’ sexual orientation. However, gay Italian (vs. British) speakers tended to be perceived as more ‘gay sounding’. Participants were highly accurate at recognising Italian speakers as non-native but were often inaccurate in recognising their specific nationality. In Study 2, British participants (N = 113) listened to 6 British and 6 Italian speakers, half gay-sounding and half heterosexual-sounding, and rated them in terms of gender typicality, competence, and sociability. Italian (vs. British) gay-sounding speakers were perceived as less gender atypical and less competent, but as more sociable. No differences between heterosexual-sounding speakers emerged. Altogether these findings suggest that voice signals intersectionality and affects stereotyping.

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First Author: Michelle Hess (Saarland University)

Title: Public Physical Displays of Affection in Same-Sex Couples: Associations with Minority Stressors

Abstract: The present research investigated physical displays of affection (PDA) shown by same-sex couples in public in three empirical studies. To our knowledge, these are the first studies to investigate different public spaces (university campus and city centre) in terms of their implications for an open display of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) sexuality. Using Meyer’s Minority Stress Theory (2003), we explored LGBTQ+ minority-specific stressors, expecting stressors such as heterosexist discrimination, marginalization, and perceived danger to be more defined in the city (vs. campus). We also expected that a public space with more minority-specific stressors (i.e. city) would be associated with reduced frequency and enjoyment of public PDA with a same-sex partner. Our results showed that PDA enjoyment was consistently lower for participants with a same-sex (vs. different-sex) partner. We also found that PDA enjoyment (but not frequency) was decreased in the city (vs. campus) for participants with a same-sex partner. A within-participants mediation analysis showed that the effect of public space on PDA was mediated by minority stressory (i.e. heterosexist discrimination, marginalization, and perceived danger). A thematic analysis of an open-ended question revealed that participants’ PDA depended on the anonymity, liberality and familiarity of the respective public space.

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First Author: Wattelet Sarah (UCLouvain)

Title: Theatres, LGB workers, and patriarchy: perceived inequalities in the “queerest art”

Abstract: In our patriarchal society, LGB workers experience unequal treatment because of the heteronormativity disruption they embody. Exceptionally, theatres seem to constitute a “safe space” for LGB workers. This research aimed to assess and compare the perceived inequalities between heterosexual and LGB theatre workers. The strength of the patriarchal system was examined as a predictor of these reported inequalities. To this end, 296 participants (22% LGB) from 33 public theatres scattered across 22 European countries completed an online questionnaire. Among many variables assessed in a wider survey, we measured work precariousness and experienced discrimination in interpersonal (i.e., meeting with colleagues outside work, hearing discriminatory/sexist comments from colleagues) and organisational (i.e., being treated unfairly) terms. In addition, we included a scale measuring the patriarchal organisational culture (PatOC, Shaffer et al., 2000) and the national UN Gender inequality index (GII). To investigate these inequalities and their relations to PatOC and GII, t-tests and multiple regression analyses were conducted. No differences were found in terms of perceived discrimination between heterosexual and LGB workers – with the exception of discriminatory/sexist comments from colleagues.

However, PatOC and GII were independently correlated with all the dependent variables. Implications for widespread equality in society will be discussed.

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First Author: Julian Rengers (University of Groningen)

Title: Towards further understanding (selective) sexual identity disclosure decisions among lesbian, gay, and bisexual employees by studying workplace social relations

Abstract: Workplace disclosure of an LGB identity – and its identity management more broadly – is a continuous and context-dependent process. For instance, LGB employees may disclose selectively, and hence be more or less open about their sexual identity as a function of characteristics of the social environment. In studying these phenomena, current literature mostly focuses on the interplay between intrapersonal (i.e., psychological) and contextual (i.e., organizational) antecedents to understand such disclosure dynamics. In this video, I will highlight the important, yet relatively understudied, role of interpersonal (i.e., relational) antecedents to (selective) disclosure. I will do so by building on newly collected mixed-method (semi-structured interviews combined with ego networks) data from two organizations (N = 18). I will focus on 1) the characteristics of social relations in which LGB employees are more or less likely to share their sexual identity at work, and 2) the relative importance of interpersonal vs. contextual antecedents to disclosure. Together, this may help further understand 3) the complex ways in which disclosure dynamics are related to perceived workplace inclusion among LGB employees. Moreover, our findings elucidate the dynamic and contextualized nature of disclosure.

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First Author: Jasper Van Assche (Ghent University / Leuven University)

Title: Religion and Prejudice Across Cultures: A Test of the Threat-Constraint Model

Abstract: The present set of studies investigated the role of being religious in the prediction of various forms of prejudice. Following the Threat-Constraint Model, we predicted that contexts characterized by high threat attenuate —or constrain— the relationship between individual differences in being religious on the one hand, and anti-gay prejudice and sexism on the other. A worldwide investigation of these regional constraints was conducted in the Americas Barometer (125,984 individuals nested in 20 countries; Study 1), the World Value Survey (69,798 individuals nested in 45 countries; Study 2), and the European Social Survey (44,386 individuals nested in 274 NUTS-regions; Study 3). Results identify a key moderating role of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, revealing strong associations between religion and prejudice in regions low in power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity and collectivism, whereas the religion-prejudice association is constrained (i.e., weaker and often absent) in regions high on those cultural dimensions.

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First Author: Claudia Niedlich (University of Koblenz-Landau)

Title: LGBT identity intersections: Experimental findings on impression formation in hiring scenarios

Abstract: Existing research has demonstrated that impression formation in hiring can be biased by stereotypes based on minority identities. In a series of experiments, we manipulated applicants’ sexual orientation, gender, and ethnicity using the Goldberg paradigm. The poster aims to show how individualizing information about applicants interacts with stereotypes about their group memberships and the gender-stereotypicality of the job context: When compared with heterosexual applicants, participants rated applicants with a lesbian or gay orientation and Turkish migrants similarly or higher in agency, communion, hireability, and their willingness to work together with them. Experiment 1 and 2 varied the job context as stereotypically female or male (N = 433; N = 379), in Experiment 3 the applicant signaled to fit traditional gender roles (N = 276), and in Experiment 4, we manipulated family status as individualizing information (N = 316). Overall, the intersectional approach demonstrates that lesbians and gay men may have an advantage over equally qualified heterosexual applicants, because they are less expected to fit traditional gender roles.

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First Author: Sven Kachel (University of Koblenz-Landau)

Title: I don’t wanna call you gay but I think you are! - Investigating the straight response bias by comparing label-based and multisensory approaches based on faces on voices

Abstract: Being perceived as lesbian/gay instead of straight can result in homonegative discrimination, ranging from uncomfortable situations to life-threatening events. Both faces and voices

communicate information about people’s sexual orientation (SO). In previous studies, people tended to judge others as straight more often even when they knew the SO distribution in the target

sample. In the present research, we investigated whether social desirability to avoid applying stigmatizing labels to others might explain this straight response bias. Moreover, it is unclear how

vocal and facial information is integrated when judging other people’s SO. In three experiments, 74 female raters (M = 20 years, 18 – 30 years) judged the SO of 18 lesbian/gay and straight women and men each. First, using an implicit approach, we asked participants to match each target voice to a face belonging to a lesbian/gay vs. straight target (Experiment 1). Next, we explicitly asked participants to rate the targets based on their voices (Experiment 2) and faces (Experiment 3) on a 5-point scale ranging from “lesbian/gay” to “straight”. A signal detection analysis showed that raters judged targets’ SO with above-chance accuracy in all three experiments (with higher sensitivities for explicit than implicit approaches). The straight response bias was evident for the explicit but not implicit task. The results suggest social desirability as a mechanism accounting for the straight response bias. They also imply that voices and faces both contribute to SO perception.

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First Author: Sabine Preuß (University of Koblenz-Landau)

Title: A new scale for sexual prejudice: The SABA using scenarios to measure the affective and behavioral components of attitudes toward lesbians and gay men

Abstract: Attitude-change research requires sound attitude measures predicting behavior. However, most existing attitude measures neglect the behavioral component. This research introduces the SABA, a scale consisting of five Scenarios measuring the Affective and Behavioral components of Attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. In two studies (N = 268) in Germany, we reduced the 25-scenario scale by performing exploratory (Study 1) and confirmatory factor analyses (Study 2) yielding two factors (affective and behavioral) for each version (SABA-L for lesbians, SABA-G for gay men). SABA showed good reliability, high convergent and high discriminant validity using a multitrait-multimethod-analysis with implicit and explicit measures. The SABA’s criterion and incremental validity were demonstrated in predicting attitude-related behavior better than the Modern Homonegativity Scale. SABA-scores showed established differences in antigay attitudes – among others – based on age, religiousness, male role norms, and authoritarianism, confirming (known-groups) validity. Thus, SABA presents a psychometrically sound scale to measure attitudes toward lesbians and gay men outperforming existing attitude scales: We applied the SABA in attitude-change interventions demonstrating its value in research aiming to diminish antigay behavior. Given the SABA’s very high relevance for LGBTIQ* researchers (=unfortunately a small group at EASP), it appears very valuable to present the SABA at this pre-conference.